Flow-induced choking of a compliant Hele-Shaw cell.
Flow-induced choking of a compliant Hele-Shaw cell.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2008273117
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发表时间：
2020-12-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Juel A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Box F;Peng GG;Pihler-Puzović D;Juel A
利用流-结构相互作用使电子电路部件的流体模拟得以开发，例如，存储流体的流体电容器非常类似于电容器存储电荷。这些软部件的作用是响应流动；集成到微流控设备中，它们消除了外部驱动的需要，从而促进了在实验室之外的部署。我们描述了一种流体熔断器，它利用软弹性体的流动诱导变形，并确定临界流速，超过该临界流速，流动被中断。这为将无源限流器集成到微流控设备中铺平了道路。经过几个世纪对结构刚性的努力，工程师和科学家都越来越多地寻求利用软材料的变形、屈曲和故障来实现功能。在流体设备中，响应流动的软可变形部件具有被动的优点；它们不需要外部驱动。利用流动引起的变形实现无源功能提供了一种开发流体二极管和电容器等电子电路元件的流动模拟的方法。到目前为止，在微流体学文献中被忽视的电子元件-保险丝-是一种被动安全装置，它依靠受控的故障机制(熔化)来保护电路免受过电流的影响。在这里，我们描述了顺应性Hele-Shaw电池如何以类似于电保险丝的方式工作；在临界流量以上，电池的流动诱导变形阻止了流出，中断(扼杀)了流动。特别是，流体中的压力分布对软边界施加了空间上不同的法向力，这会导致不均匀的变形。由于软材料的侧向约束和不可压缩，这种由流动引起的弹性变形表现为细胞流出附近的凸起；与刚性细胞屋顶接触的凸起中断了流动。我们确定了两个无量纲参数，它们分别控制单元的中心偏转和堵塞。因此，本研究为将被动限流器应用于射流装置提供了力学基础。
Harnessing flow–structure interactions has enabled the development of fluidic analogs of electronic circuit components, e.g., fluidic capacitors that store fluid much like an electrical capacitor stores charge. These soft components function in response to the flow; integrated into microfluidic devices, they remove the need for external actuation, thereby facilitating deployment outside of the laboratory. We describe a fluidic fuse that exploits the flow-induced deformation of a soft elastomer and identify the critical flow rate above which the flow is interrupted. This paves the way for the integration of passive flow limiters into microfluidic devices. After centuries of striving for structural rigidity, engineers and scientists alike are increasingly looking to harness the deformation, buckling, and failure of soft materials for functionality. In fluidic devices, soft deformable components that respond to the flow have the advantage of being passive; they do not require external actuation. Harnessing flow-induced deformation for passive functionality provides a means of developing flow analogs of electronic circuit components such as fluidic diodes and capacitors. The electronic component that has so far been overlooked in the microfluidics literature—the fuse—is a passive safety device that relies on a controlled failure mechanism (melting) to protect a circuit from overcurrent. Here, we describe how a compliant Hele-Shaw cell behaves in a manner analogous to the electrical fuse; above a critical flux, the flow-induced deformation of the cell blocks the outflow, interrupting (choking) the flow. In particular, the pressure distribution within the fluid applies a spatially variant normal force to the soft boundary, which causes nonuniform deformation. As a consequence of lateral confinement and incompressibility of the soft material, this flow-induced elastic deformation manifests as bulging near the cell outflow; bulges that come into contact with the rigid cell roof interrupt the flow. We identify two nondimensional parameters that govern the central deflection and the choking of the cell, respectively. This study therefore provides the mechanical foundations for engineering passive-flow limiters into fluidic devices.
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