Major Scientific Hurdles in HIV Vaccine Development: Historical Perspective and Future Directions.

Major Scientific Hurdles in HIV Vaccine Development: Historical Perspective and Future Directions.
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艾滋病毒疫苗开发中的主要科学障碍:历史观点和未来的方向。

DOI:
10.3389/fimmu.2020.590780
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
7.3
通讯作者:
Ndhlovu ZM
Ndhlovu ZM
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ng'uni T;Chasara C;Ndhlovu ZM

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在发现艾滋病毒是艾滋病的病原体后,人们的期望是迅速开发出疫苗;但30年后,我们仍然没有获得许可的疫苗。艾滋病毒的广泛遗传变异以及我们对预防艾滋病毒感染所需的免疫反应的了解有限,阻碍了这方面的进展。尽管如此,从大量基础和转译科学研究和疫苗试验中积累的宝贵知识已经为深入了解病毒的结构生物学、免疫原设计和可能构成有效疫苗的新型疫苗递送系统提供了洞察力。此外,利益攸关方现在认识到开发有效的艾滋病毒疫苗所面临的艰巨的科学挑战,因此越来越多地倡导学术研究科学家、政府、制药行业、慈善机构和监管实体之间的合作努力。在这篇综述中,我们重点介绍了艾滋病毒疫苗开发工作的历史,强调了主要挑战和未来方向。
Following the discovery of HIV as a causative agent of AIDS, the expectation was to rapidly develop a vaccine; but thirty years later, we still do not have a licensed vaccine. Progress has been hindered by the extensive genetic variability of HIV and our limited understanding of immune responses required to protect against HIV acquisition. Nonetheless, valuable knowledge accrued from numerous basic and translational science research studies and vaccine trials has provided insight into the structural biology of the virus, immunogen design and novel vaccine delivery systems that will likely constitute an effective vaccine. Furthermore, stakeholders now appreciate the daunting scientific challenges of developing an effective HIV vaccine, hence the increased advocacy for collaborative efforts among academic research scientists, governments, pharmaceutical industry, philanthropy, and regulatory entities. In this review, we highlight the history of HIV vaccine development efforts, highlighting major challenges and future directions.
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