Genomic structure of and genome-wide recombination in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C progenitor isolate EM93.
Genomic structure of and genome-wide recombination in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C progenitor isolate EM93.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0025211
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
McCusker JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Esberg A;Muller LA;McCusker JH
二倍体分离物EM 93是广泛使用的酿酒酵母单倍体实验室菌株S288 C的主要祖先。在这项研究中，我们生成了EM 93和S288 C之间遗传差异的高分辨率概述。我们发现，EM 93是杂合的> 45，000多态性，包括大序列多态性，如缺失和奇异酵母基因渗入。我们还发现许多大序列多态性（LSPs）与Ty-elements和亚端粒区。我们确定了2，965个遗传标记，然后我们使用这些标记对120个EM 93四分体进行基因分型。除了推导出所有EM 93染色体的结构，我们估计平均EM 93减数分裂产生144个可检测的重组事件，包括87个交叉和31个非交叉基因转换事件。在显示最高水平的非交换基因转换的50个多态性中，只有3个偏离了产次，所有这些都接近杂合LSP。我们发现，非端粒杂合的LSP显着减少减数分裂重组在相邻的时间间隔，而亚端粒的LSP重组没有明显的影响。我们确定了203个重组热点，其中相对较少的是热的非交叉基因转换和交叉。引人注目的是，我们发现重组热点显示出有限的保守性。一些新的热点被发现邻近杂合LSP，消除其他热点，这表明热点可能会出现和消失相对较快。
The diploid isolate EM93 is the main ancestor to the widely used Saccharomyces cerevisiae haploid laboratory strain, S288C. In this study, we generate a high-resolution overview of the genetic differences between EM93 and S288C. We show that EM93 is heterozygous for >45,000 polymorphisms, including large sequence polymorphisms, such as deletions and a Saccharomyces paradoxus introgression. We also find that many large sequence polymorphisms (LSPs) are associated with Ty-elements and sub-telomeric regions. We identified 2,965 genetic markers, which we then used to genotype 120 EM93 tetrads. In addition to deducing the structures of all EM93 chromosomes, we estimate that the average EM93 meiosis produces 144 detectable recombination events, consisting of 87 crossover and 31 non-crossover gene conversion events. Of the 50 polymorphisms showing the highest levels of non-crossover gene conversions, only three deviated from parity, all of which were near heterozygous LSPs. We find that non-telomeric heterozygous LSPs significantly reduce meiotic recombination in adjacent intervals, while sub-telomeric LSPs have no discernable effect on recombination. We identified 203 recombination hotspots, relatively few of which are hot for both non-crossover gene conversions and crossovers. Strikingly, we find that recombination hotspots show limited conservation. Some novel hotspots are found adjacent to heterozygous LSPs that eliminate other hotspots, suggesting that hotspots may appear and disappear relatively rapidly.
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