Electron microscopic characterization of exhaust particles containing lead dibromide beads expelled from aircraft burning leaded gasoline.
Electron microscopic characterization of exhaust particles containing lead dibromide beads expelled from aircraft burning leaded gasoline.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apr.2020.05.026
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发表时间：
2020-09
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Griffith JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Griffith JD
活塞动力飞机燃烧含铅汽油，在美国大气中的铅含量中占比约70%。含有二溴化铅的飞机尾气颗粒的物理尺寸、成分和结构鲜为人知，而且在此之前尚未通过电子显微镜（EM）直接检测过，特别是从飞行中的飞机上采集的颗粒。为了实现这一点，尾气样本在离开飞机排气管后的10 - 15毫秒内被收集在电子显微镜的载片上。高角度环形探测器暗场扫描电子显微镜显示出不规则颗粒，平均直径为13纳米，由一个4纳米的二溴化铅微晶组成，周围环绕着一层碳氢化合物。相比之下，燃烧含铅燃料的汽车尾气颗粒平均直径为35纳米，包含5 - 10个4纳米的铅珠。令人极为担忧的是，较小的飞机尾气颗粒能够穿透肺部的黏膜屏障，并很容易被上皮细胞吸收。
Piston powered aircraft burning leaded gasoline contribute ~70% of the lead in the atmosphere in the US. The physical size, composition, and structure of aircraft exhaust particles containing lead dibromide are poorly understood and heretofore have not been examined directly by electron microscopy (EM), in particular when captured from an aircraft in flight. To accomplish this, exhaust samples were trapped on EM supports within 10–15 ms of exiting the aircraft exhaust pipe. High angle annular detector dark field scanning EM revealed irregular particles with a mean diameter of 13 nm consisting of a 4 nm microcrystal of lead dibromide surrounded by a halo of hydrocarbons. In contrast, exhaust particles from an automobile burning leaded fuel averaged 35 nm in diameter and contained 5–10, 4 nm lead beads. Of significant concern, the smaller aircraft particles could penetrate mucosal barriers in the lung and be readily taken up by epithelial cells.
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影响因子：
8
作者：
通讯作者：
--
DOI：
10.1126/science.1223012
发表时间：
2012-08-24
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Button B;Cai LH;Ehre C;Kesimer M;Hill DB;Sheehan JK;Boucher RC;Rubinstein M
通讯作者：
Rubinstein M
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Miranda ML;Kim D;Galeano MA;Paul CJ;Hull AP;Morgan SP
通讯作者：
Morgan SP
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
Canfield, RL;Henderson, CR;Lanphear, BP
通讯作者：
Lanphear, BP