HIV-related stigma: adapting a theoretical framework for use in India.
HIV-related stigma: adapting a theoretical framework for use in India.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.05.032
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发表时间：
2008-10
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Ekstrand, Maria L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Steward, Wayne T.;Herek, Gregory M.;Ramakrishna, Jayashree;Bharat, Shalini;Chandy, Sara;Wrubel, Judith;Ekstrand, Maria L.
污名化使全球艾滋病毒治疗复杂化。我们研究了一个多组成部分的框架，最初包括颁布，感觉规范，和内化形式的个人耻辱的经验，可以用来了解艾滋病毒相关的耻辱在印度南部。在研究1中，对16名艾滋病毒感染者的便利样本进行定性访谈，发现所有三种类型的耻辱的情况。报告的歧视经历（已实施的污名化）相对较少。相反，对高度污名化的看法（感觉到的规范污名化）促使人们避免透露自己的艾滋病毒状况。这些看法通常是由对其他艾滋病毒感染者的歧视故事形成的，我们将其作为我们框架的额外组成部分（替代耻辱）。与会者在接受艾滋病毒的耻辱作为合法的（内化的耻辱）。在研究2中，对229名艾滋病毒感染者进行了一项调查，对耻辱成分进行了新开发的测量。研究结果表明，制定和替代的耻辱感影响感觉规范的耻辱感，制定，感觉规范，内化的耻辱感与更高水平的抑郁症，抑郁症的协会与感觉规范和内化形式的耻辱感介导的使用旨在避免披露一个人的艾滋病毒血清状态的应对策略。
Stigma complicates the treatment of HIV worldwide. We examined whether a multi-component framework, initially consisting of enacted, felt normative, and internalized forms of individual stigma experiences, could be used to understand HIV-related stigma in Southern India. In Study 1, qualitative interviews with a convenience sample of 16 people living with HIV revealed instances of all three types of stigma. Experiences of discrimination (enacted stigma) were reported relatively infrequently. Rather, perceptions of high levels of stigma (felt normative stigma) motivated people to avoid disclosing their HIV status. These perceptions often were shaped by stories of discrimination against others HIV-infected individuals, which we adapted as an additional component of our framework (vicarious stigma). Participants also varied in their acceptance of HIV stigma as legitimate (internalized stigma). In Study 2, newly-developed measures of the stigma components were administered in a survey to 229 people living with HIV. Findings suggested that enacted and vicarious stigma influenced felt normative stigma; that enacted, felt normative, and internalized stigma were associated with higher levels of depression; and that the associations of depression with felt normative and internalized forms of stigma were mediated by the use of coping strategies designed to avoid disclosure of one's HIV serostatus.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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10.1080/09540129750125118
发表时间：
1997-06-01
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作者：
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