Breaking Snake Camouflage: Humans Detect Snakes More Accurately than Other Animals under Less Discernible Visual Conditions.
Breaking Snake Camouflage: Humans Detect Snakes More Accurately than Other Animals under Less Discernible Visual Conditions.
复制标题
打破蛇的伪装：在不太明显的视觉条件下，人类比其他动物更准确地检测到蛇。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0164342
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
He H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kawai N;He H
人类和非人类灵长类动物对蛇非常敏感，例如他们比其他动物更快地发现蛇的图片。这些发现与蛇检测理论是一致的，该理论假设作为捕食者，蛇是进化选择的主要来源，有利于灵长类动物视觉系统的扩展，以快速检测蛇。许多蛇使用伪装来隐藏自己的猎物和自己的捕食者，这使得发现它们非常具有挑战性。如果蛇对灵长类动物的视觉系统起到了选择性压力的作用，那么在困难的视觉条件下，它们应该比其他动物更容易被发现。在这里，我们测试了人类是否比那些没有威胁的动物（例如，鸟、猫或鱼），通过使用随机图像结构进化技术（随机噪声的插值）呈现一系列退化图像。我们发现，参与者认识到马赛克图像的蛇，这被认为是功能等同于伪装，更准确地比其他动物溶解条件下。目前的研究支持蛇检测理论，表明人类有一个视觉系统，准确地识别蛇在较难辨别的视觉条件。
Humans and non-human primates are extremely sensitive to snakes as exemplified by their ability to detect pictures of snakes more quickly than those of other animals. These findings are consistent with the Snake Detection Theory, which hypothesizes that as predators, snakes were a major source of evolutionary selection that favored expansion of the visual system of primates for rapid snake detection. Many snakes use camouflage to conceal themselves from both prey and their own predators, making it very challenging to detect them. If snakes have acted as a selective pressure on primate visual systems, they should be more easily detected than other animals under difficult visual conditions. Here we tested whether humans discerned images of snakes more accurately than those of non-threatening animals (e.g., birds, cats, or fish) under conditions of less perceptual information by presenting a series of degraded images with the Random Image Structure Evolution technique (interpolation of random noise). We find that participants recognize mosaic images of snakes, which were regarded as functionally equivalent to camouflage, more accurately than those of other animals under dissolved conditions. The present study supports the Snake Detection Theory by showing that humans have a visual system that accurately recognizes snakes under less discernible visual conditions.
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