Neonatal brain injury and aberrant connectivity.
Neonatal brain injury and aberrant connectivity.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.07.057
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发表时间：
2019-01-15
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Neil JJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smyser CD;Wheelock MD;Limbrick DD Jr;Neil JJ
新生儿期持续性脑损伤可能会破坏关键结构和功能连接网络的发育，导致受影响儿童随后的神经发育障碍。这些网络可以使用结构（通过扩散MRI）和功能（通过静息状态-功能MRI）神经成像技术来表征。神经影像学的进步已经导致这些方法在研究足月和早产儿中的应用范围扩大，从而提高了对大脑发育和早期脑损伤有害影响的理解。在这两种模式中，神经影像学数据有助于分析，从表征个体白色物质束和/或静息状态网络，到先进的“连接组式”方法，能够识别高度连接的网络枢纽，并调查网络拓扑结构的指标，如模块化和小世界性。我们开始这篇综述总结的文献详细的结构和功能连接的结果在健康的足月和早产儿没有脑损伤在出生后的时期，包括早期连接体发育的讨论。然后，我们详细介绍了常见形式的脑损伤在足月和早产儿。在这种情况下，我们接下来回顾了新兴的文献，详细介绍了采用弥散MRI，静息状态功能MRI和其他补充神经影像学方式来表征婴儿脑损伤的结构和功能连接发展的研究。最后，我们回顾了与新生儿神经影像学相关的技术挑战，强调了与研究脑损伤婴儿最相关的技术挑战，并强调了在这一高危人群中进行进一步有针对性研究的必要性。
Brain injury sustained during the neonatal period may disrupt development of critical structural and functional connectivity networks leading to subsequent neurodevelopmental impairment in affected children. These networks can be characterized using structural (via diffusion MRI) and functional (via resting state-functional MRI) neuroimaging techniques. Advances in neuroimaging have led to expanded application of these approaches to study term- and prematurely-born infants, providing improved understanding of cerebral development and the deleterious effects of early brain injury. Across both modalities, neuroimaging data are conducive to analyses ranging from characterization of individual white matter tracts and/or resting state networks through advanced ‘connectome-style’ approaches capable of identifying highly connected network hubs and investigating metrics of network topology such as modularity and small-worldness. We begin this review by summarizing the literature detailing structural and functional connectivity findings in healthy term and preterm infants without brain injury during the postnatal period, including discussion of early connectome development. We then detail common forms of brain injury in term- and prematurely-born infants. In this context, we next review the emerging body of literature detailing studies employing diffusion MRI, resting state-functional MRI and other complementary neuroimaging modalities to characterize structural and functional connectivity development in infants with brain injury. We conclude by reviewing technical challenges associated with neonatal neuroimaging, highlighting those most relevant to studying infants with brain injury and emphasizing the need for further targeted study in this high-risk population.
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