Cyanobacterial weathering in warming periglacial sediments: Implications for nutrient cycling and potential biosignatures

Cyanobacterial weathering in warming periglacial sediments: Implications for nutrient cycling and potential biosignatures
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变暖的冰缘沉积物中的蓝藻风化:对营养循环和潜在生物特征的影响

DOI:
10.1002/ppp.2133
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
5
通讯作者:
Madden, Megan E. Elwood
Madden, Megan E. Elwood
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Demirel‐Floyd, Cansu;Soreghan, Gerilyn S.;Madden, Megan E. Elwood

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冰冻圈拥有广泛的微生物群落,但在寒冷干旱的沙漠中,微生物对硅酸盐风化的影响历来被忽视。在这里,我们通过实验室实验研究了一种耐冷蓝藻(leptolygbya glacialis)在12°C的冰川河流漂移沉积物中的生物风化作用,类似于预测的未来永久冻土表面温度。我们的研究结果表明,与非生物控制相比,在风化前混合岩性的南极生物反应器中,硅的风化速率增加了三倍,这表明微生物生命对风化有显著影响。虽然冰岛沉积物中的生物和非生物风化速率相似,但在生物反应器中观察到的与生物膜相关的新形成的粘土和铁(氧)氢氧化物矿物在冰岛基性矿物中很常见,类似于在未加工的南极漂流中观察到的特征。这表明微生物在系统中增强了风化作用,因为它们必须清除不容易通过非生物途径释放的营养物质;潜在的生物特征也可能在营养丰富的系统中形成。在这两种沉积物类型中,我们还观察到生物反应器中的碳酸氢盐浓度比非生物反应器高出四倍,这表明,随着变暖的发生,耐寒生物群将增强向海洋的碳酸氢盐通量,从而刺激碳酸盐沉积,并对大气中二氧化碳的增加提供负反馈。
The cryosphere hosts a widespread microbial community, yet microbial influences on silicate weathering have been historically neglected in cold‐arid deserts. Here we investigate bioweathering by a cold‐tolerant cyanobacteria (Leptolyngbya glacialis) via laboratory experiments using glaciofluvial drift sediments at 12°C, analogous to predicted future permafrost surface temperatures. Our results show threefold enhanced Si weathering rates in pre‐weathered, mixed‐lithology Antarctic biotic reactors compared to abiotic controls, indicating the significant influence of microbial life on weathering. Although biotic and abiotic weathering rates are similar in Icelandic sediments, neo‐formed clay and Fe‐(oxy)hydroxide minerals observed in association with biofilms in biotic reactors are common on Icelandic mafic minerals, similar to features observed in unprocessed Antarctic drifts. This suggests that microbes enhance weathering in systems where they must scavenge for nutrients that are not easily liberated via abiotic pathways; potential biosignatures may form in nutrient‐rich systems as well. In both sediment types we also observed up to fourfold higher bicarbonate concentrations in biotic reactors relative to abiotic reactors, indicating that, as warming occurs, psychrotolerant biota will enhance bicarbonate flux to the oceans, thus stimulating carbonate deposition and providing a negative feedback to increasing atmospheric CO2.
南极洲泰勒谷的水道和永久冻土:寒冷沙漠生态系统中广泛而浅层的地下水连通性
DOI: --
发表时间: 2011
期刊:
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发表时间: 2013
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