Anticipating water distribution service outages from increasing temperatures

Anticipating water distribution service outages from increasing temperatures
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预计供水服务会因气温升高而中断

DOI:
10.1088/2634-4505/ac8ba3
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Johnson, Nathan G.
Johnson, Nathan G.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bondank, Emily N.;Chester, Mikhail V.;Michne, Austin;Ahmad, Nasir;Ruddell, Benjamin L.;Johnson, Nathan G.

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随着全球许多地区气候变化导致的气温升高和极端事件的预测,有必要描述这些新出现的危害对配水系统的影响,以确定和优先考虑确保可靠性的适应策略。为了帮助决策,需要有新的见解,了解供水系统在气候驱动的热量下的可靠性将如何变化,以及可用于应对故障的主动维护策略。为此,我们提出了Perses模型,这是一个框架,将配水网络液压求解器与物理资产或组件的可靠性模型结合起来,以估计长期温度升高导致的故障和导致的服务中断。一个理论案例研究是利用亚利桑那州凤凰城的温度曲线进行的,这是一个极端温度和快速扩张的基础设施的城市。到本世纪末,在更热的未来,预计泵故障将增加1%-5%,PVC管道故障将增加2%-5%,铁管道故障(RCP 4.5-8.5)将增加3%-7%。在最高温度条件下,预计对家庭和商业使用造成不足压力的服务中断将比基线增加16%-26%。超出基线故障的情况,如果在一个大的都市区发生,就会显示预算、管理和维护方面的潜在挑战。对适应战略的缓解潜力进行的探索表明,加快修复时间能够抵消气候变化造成的额外中断,但代价是高昂的。
With projected temperature increases and extreme events due to climate change for many regions of the world, characterizing the impacts of these emerging hazards on water distribution systems is necessary to identify and prioritize adaptation strategies for ensuring reliability. To aid decision-making, new insights are needed into how water distribution system reliability to climate-driven heat will change, and the proactive maintenance strategies available to combat failures. To this end, we present the model Perses, a framework that joins a water distribution network hydraulic solver with reliability models of physical assets or components to estimate temperature increase-driven failures and resulting service outages in the long term. A theoretical case study is developed using Phoenix, Arizona temperature profiles, a city with extreme temperatures and a rapidly expanding infrastructure. By end-of-century under hotter futures there are projected to be 1%–5% more pump failures, 2%–5% more PVC pipe failures, and 3%–7% more iron pipe failures (RCP 4.5–8.5) than a baseline historical temperature profile. Service outages, which constitute inadequate pressure for domestic and commercial use are projected to increase by 16%–26% above the baseline under maximum temperature conditions. The exceedance of baseline failures, when compounded across a large metro region, reveals potential challenges for budgeting, management, and maintenance. An exploration of the mitigation potential of adaptation strategies shows that expedited repair times are capable of offsetting the additional outages from climate change, but will come with a cost.
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