An improved model for the population dynamics of cattle gastrointestinal nematodes on pasture: parameterisation and field validation for Ostertagia ostertagi and Cooperia oncophora in northern temperate zones.
An improved model for the population dynamics of cattle gastrointestinal nematodes on pasture: parameterisation and field validation for Ostertagia ostertagi and Cooperia oncophora in northern temperate zones.
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牧场牛胃肠道线虫种群动态的改进模型：北温带 Ostertagia ostertagi 和 Cooperia oncophora 的参数化和现场验证。
DOI：
10.1016/j.vetpar.2022.109777
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Wang T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang T
胃肠道线虫(GIN)是世界范围内最重要的放牧反刍动物病原体之一，对牛的健康和生产造成了负面影响。感染的动态在很大程度上是由于气候和天气对牧场自由生活阶段的影响，已经开发了计算机模型来预测感染幼虫的丰度并指导管理策略。然而，围绕关键模型参数的显著不确定性限制了这些模型在牛的杜松子酒中的有效应用，并且这些参数在混合杜松子酒物种的自然种群中很难估计。本文将分子生物学的最新进展，特别是ITS-2 rDNA‘线虫’代谢编码，与现代种群动力学模型GloWorm-FL结合起来，以克服这一局限性。在受控条件下的实验被用来估计降雨对感染的L3幼虫从粪便中迁出的限制，以及它们在粪便和土壤中跨越温度梯度的存活，线虫代谢组编码的数据允许对Osteragia osteragi和Coperia oncohorain混合自然种群的物种特异性估计。结果表明，这两个物种的L3在0-30℃的粪便和土壤中都能很好地存活，每天至少需要5毫米的降雨量才能从粪便中迁移出来，迁移比例随着降雨量的增加而增加。这些估计被应用于使用天气和放牧数据的模型中，并用于预测加拿大西部三个商业肉牛场的幼虫在牧场上的可获得性模式。该模型总体上在预测观察到的季节模式方面表现良好，但也存在一些明显的差异，这应该会指导模型开发和现场方法的进一步迭代改进。该模型还被应用于探索不同地区预测的季节性传播模式的差异。这种预测性建模有助于为基于证据的寄生虫控制战略提供信息，由于气候变化和耐药性，这些战略越来越需要。这里介绍的工作还说明了结合分子生物学和种群动力学来提高对寄生虫感染的预测理解的附加值。
Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) are amongst the most important pathogens of grazing ruminants worldwide, resulting in negative impacts on cattle health and production. The dynamics of infection are driven in large part by the influence of climate and weather on free-living stages on pasture, and computer models have been developed to predict infective larval abundance and guide management strategies. Significant uncertainties around key model parameters limits effective application of these models to GIN in cattle, however, and these parameters are difficult to estimate in natural populations of mixed GIN species. In this paper, recent advances in molecular biology, specifically ITS-2 rDNA ‘nemabiome’ metabarcoding, are synthesised with a modern population dynamic model, GLOWORM-FL, to overcome this limitation. Experiments under controlled conditions were used to estimate rainfall constraints on migration of infective L3 larvae out of faeces, and their survival in faeces and soil across a temperature gradient, with nemabiome metabarcoding data permitting species-specific estimates forOstertagia ostertagiandCooperia oncophorain mixed natural populations. Results showed that L3 of both species survived well in faeces and soil between 0 and 30 °C, and required at least 5 mm of rainfall daily to migrate out of faeces, with the proportion migrating increasing with the amount of rainfall. These estimates were applied within the model using weather and grazing data and use to predict patterns of larval availability on pasture on three commercial beef farms in western Canada. The model performed well overall in predicting the observed seasonal patterns but some discrepancies were evident which should guide further iterative improvements in model development and field methods. The model was also applied to illustrate its use in exploring differences in predicted seasonal transmission patterns in different regions. Such predictive modelling can help inform evidence-based parasite control strategies which are increasingly needed due climate change and drug resistance. The work presented here also illustrates the added value of combining molecular biology and population dynamics to advance predictive understanding of parasite infections.
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