Tephra stratigraphy and eruptive volume of the May, 2008, Chaitén eruption, Chile

Tephra stratigraphy and eruptive volume of the May, 2008, Chaitén eruption, Chile
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2008 年 5 月智利 Chaitén 喷发的火山灰地层和喷发量

DOI:
10.1007/s00445-010-0428-x
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发表时间:
2010
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Alfano F
Alfano F
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Alfano F

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2008年5月1日,柴滕火山(智利南部)打破了长期的平静,产生了一系列爆炸性喷发,导致位于火山以南几公里处的柴滕镇撤离。这次活动的特点是发生了几次爆炸性事件,每次都与高达海平面以上约19公里的羽流有关。这些产品散布在广阔的地区,最细的火山灰到达阿根廷的大西洋海岸。我们在近中区域(距离火山口3-25公里)的实地观察表明,2008年5月火山灰存款由许多层,其中大部分可以与个别喷发事件。这些层从极细粒度的火山灰到火山砾层和由幼年和石质物质组成的岩块层。在这里,我们描述了2008年5月的沉积物的地层和物理特征,并提出了2008年5月事件的时间重建。矿床主要与5月1日至2日、5月3日至5日和5月6日发生的三个主要爆发阶段有关,估计火山灰体积为0.5-1.0 km 3(指数和幂律拟合的积分)。对于5月6日的事件,主要由岩屑火山砾和块体(>2 mm)组成的层,编制了等值线图,从中确定了19 km的羽流高度,这与卫星观测结果非常一致。
On May 1st 2008 Mount Chaitén (southern Chile) interrupted a long period of quiescence, generating a sequence of explosive eruptions and causing the evacuation of Chaitén town located a few kilometers south of the volcano. The activity was characterized by several explosive events each associated with plumes which reached up to about 19 km above sea level. The products were dispersed across a wide area, with the finest ash reaching the Atlantic coast of Argentina. Our field observations in the proximal-medial area (3–25 km from the vent) indicate that the May 2008 tephra deposit consists of numerous layers, most of which can be correlated with individual eruptive events. These layers vary from extremely fine-grained ash to layers of lapilli and blocks, composed of both juvenile and lithic material. Here we describe the stratigraphy and physical characteristics of the May 2008 deposits, and propose a reconstruction of the timing of the May 2008 events. The deposits are mainly associated with the three main explosive phases which occurred on 1st–2nd May, 3rd–5th May and 6th May, with an estimated bulk tephra volume of 0.5–1.0 km3(integration of both exponential and power-law fitting). For the 6th May event, represented by a layer composed mainly of lithic lapilli and blocks (>2 mm), an isopleth map was compiled from which a 19 km plume height was determined, which is in good agreement with satellite observations.
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DOI: 10.1098/rsta.1981.0023
发表时间: 1981
期刊: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences
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DOI: 10.4067/s0718-71062009000100009
发表时间: 2009-01-01
期刊: Andean geology
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作者:
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