Aerosol persistence in relation to possible transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
Aerosol persistence in relation to possible transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
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DOI：
10.1063/5.0027844
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发表时间：
2020-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bonn D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith SH;Somsen GA;van Rijn C;Kooij S;van der Hoek L;Bem RA;Bonn D
导致COVID-19的SARS-CoV-2传播通过受感染者呼出的呼吸道飞沫发生。然而，目前对于呼吸道气溶胶微滴是否作为传播途径发挥重要作用存在很大争议。通过测量和模拟呼出的呼吸道飞沫的动力学，我们可以评估气溶胶对SARS-CoV-2传播的相对贡献。我们通过健康受试者的说话和咳嗽来测量呼吸道飞沫（包括气溶胶）的大小分布、总数和体积。呼出的呼吸道飞沫的动态建模，使我们能够占气溶胶的持续时间在有限的公共空间。然后，可以使用目前对SARS-CoV-2病毒载量和传染性的估计来估计在同一空间呼吸时吸入气溶胶感染的概率。目前已知的繁殖数量显示，SARS-CoV-2的传染性低于麻疹，例如，麻疹已知通过空气有效传播。与此一致，我们对SARS-CoV-2传播的研究表明，气溶胶传播是一种可能的但可能不是一种非常有效的途径，特别是来自无症状或症状轻微的低病毒载量个体。
Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 leading to COVID-19 occurs through exhaled respiratory droplets from infected humans. Currently, however, there is much controversy over whether respiratory aerosol microdroplets play an important role as a route of transmission. By measuring and modeling the dynamics of exhaled respiratory droplets, we can assess the relative contribution of aerosols to the spreading of SARS-CoV-2. We measure size distribution, total numbers, and volumes of respiratory droplets, including aerosols, by speaking and coughing from healthy subjects. Dynamic modeling of exhaled respiratory droplets allows us to account for aerosol persistence times in confined public spaces. The probability of infection by inhalation of aerosols when breathing in the same space can then be estimated using current estimates of viral load and infectivity of SARS-CoV-2. The current known reproduction numbers show a lower infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 compared to, for instance, measles, which is known to be efficiently transmitted through the air. In line with this, our study of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 suggests that aerosol transmission is a possible but perhaps not a very efficient route, in particular from non-symptomatic or mildly symptomatic individuals that exhibit low viral loads.
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