Characterization of Telmisartan‐Derived PPARγ Agonists: Importance of Moiety Shift from Position 6 to 5 on Potency, Efficacy and Cofactor Recruitment

Characterization of Telmisartan‐Derived PPARγ Agonists: Importance of Moiety Shift from Position 6 to 5 on Potency, Efficacy and Cofactor Recruitment
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替米沙坦衍生的 PPARγ 激动剂的表征:从位置 6 到 5 的部分转变对效力、功效和辅因子招募的重要性

DOI:
10.1002/cmdc.201200337
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发表时间:
1942
期刊:
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Kintscher U
Kintscher U
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Herbst L;Goebel M;Bandholtz S;Gust R;Kintscher U

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通过直接结合小分子选择性调节过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ),证明了治疗胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病的一种有前途的工具。 除了其降血压特性外,AT 1受体阻滞剂替米沙坦已被证明是一种PPARγ的部分激动剂,在体外和小鼠中具有有益的代谢作用。在我们之前的工作中,全面的构效关系(SAR)研究讨论了替米沙坦结构的不同部分和各个部分。基于这些发现,我们设计并合成了新的在苯并咪唑核心结构的5位或6位分别含有苯并咪唑(激动剂4 - 5和4 - 6)、苯并噻吩(激动剂5 - 5和5 - 6)或苯并呋喃(激动剂6 - 5和6 - 6)的PPARγ配体。 与替米沙坦相比,所有新化合物的亲脂性和EC 50值均有所改善。关于PPARγ活化,通过使用3 T3-L1细胞的分化试验和使用用pGal 4-hPPARgDEF、pGal 5-TK-pGL 3和pRL-CMV瞬时转染的COS-7细胞的荧光素酶试验对化合物进行了表征。在苯并噻吩或苯并呋喃部分从位置6移动至位置5后,观察到效价和功效均降低。  根据5位或6位的残基,通过时间分辨荧光共振能量转移(TR-FRET)检测到辅助激活因子TRAP 220、SRC-1和PGC-1α的选择性募集以及辅助阻遏因子NCoR 1的释放。  
Selective modulation of the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) by direct binding of small molecules demonstrates a promising tool for treatment of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Besides its blood pressure‐lowering properties, the AT1‐receptor blocker telmisartan has been shown to be a partial agonist of PPARγ with beneficial metabolic effects in vitro and in mice. In our previous work, comprehensive structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies discussed the different parts of the telmisartan structure and various moieties. Based on these findings, we designed and synthesized new PPARγ ligands with a benzimidazole (agonists4‐5and4‐6), benzothiophene (agonists5‐5and5‐6) or benzofuran (agonists6‐5and6‐6) moiety either at position 5 or 6 of the benzimidazole core structure. Lipophilicity and EC50values were improved for all new compounds compared with telmisartan. Regarding PPARγ activation, the compounds were characterized by a differentiation assay using 3T3‐L1 cells and a luciferase assay with COS‐7 cells transiently transfected with pGal4‐hPPARgDEF, pGal5‐TK‐pGL3 and pRL‐CMV. A decrease in both potency and efficacy was observed after the shift of either the benzothiophene or the benzofuran moiety from position 6 to position 5. Selective recruitment of the coactivators TRAP220, SRC‐1 and PGC‐1α, and release of corepressor NCoR1 determined by time‐resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer (TR‐FRET) was detected depending on residues in position 5 or 6.
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