Genome-wide effects of long-term divergent selection.
Genome-wide effects of long-term divergent selection.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pgen.1001188
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发表时间：
2010-11-04
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Carlborg O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johansson AM;Pettersson ME;Siegel PB;Carlborg O
为了了解导致表型分化的遗传机制，确定选择下的基因组区域是很重要的。我们从一个单一的性状选择实验中扫描了两个鸡系的基因组，其中50代的选择导致了体重的9倍差异。对近6万个SNP标记的分析表明，选择对基因组的影响是巨大的。作为选择的结果，这些系在50多个地区被固定为替代等位基因。另外10个区域在过去10代中显示出持续分化的有力证据。基因组中更多的区域显示出不同系之间等位基因频率的巨大差异，这表明50代的表型进化是利用基因组中100个位点的遗传变异的结果。进化是对自然选择作出反应的变化过程。通常，这会导致或多或少明显的外观和物理特性的变化，即生物体的表型。然而，这些变化反映了生物体基因组的潜在变化——基因型。我们研究了两种鸡的基因组，这两种鸡的祖先都很近，但分别经历了50代的高体重或低体重选择。选择对表型的影响是显著的，高线鸟类的平均体重是低线鸟类的9倍。对基因型的影响同样巨大，大量的变化分布在整个基因组中。我们观察到超过100个区域在两个鸡系中建立了不同的遗传变异，考虑到所涉及的世代数量，这是相当可观的。
To understand the genetic mechanisms leading to phenotypic differentiation, it is important to identify genomic regions under selection. We scanned the genome of two chicken lines from a single trait selection experiment, where 50 generations of selection have resulted in a 9-fold difference in body weight. Analyses of nearly 60,000 SNP markers showed that the effects of selection on the genome are dramatic. The lines were fixed for alternative alleles in more than 50 regions as a result of selection. Another 10 regions displayed strong evidence for ongoing differentiation during the last 10 generations. Many more regions across the genome showed large differences in allele frequency between the lines, indicating that the phenotypic evolution in the lines in 50 generations is the result of an exploitation of standing genetic variation at 100s of loci across the genome. Evolution is the process of change in response to selection. Typically, this results in more or less obvious changes to the appearance and physical properties—the phenotype—of an organism. However, these changes reflect underlying changes to the genome of that organism—the genotype. We examine the genomes of two lines of chickens that share a very recent ancestry but have been subjected to 50 generations of selection for high or low body weight, respectively. The effect of selection on the phenotype was dramatic, where on average high line birds are nine times heavier than low line ones. The effect on the genotype was equally dramatic, with a large number of changes distributed all across the genome. We observed more than 100 regions where different genetic variants were established in the two lines of chickens, which is considerable given the number of generations involved.
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影响因子：
30.8
作者：
Carlborg, Ö;Jacobsson, L;Andersson, L
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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