Practitioner review: developmental language disorders: a clinical update.

Practitioner review: developmental language disorders: a clinical update.
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从业者评论:发育性语言障碍:临床更新。

DOI:
10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01456.x
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发表时间:
1996
期刊:
Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Rapin,I
Rapin,I
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rapin,I

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非专科医生可以识别三种类型的发育性语言障碍。(1)混合性接受/表达障碍,损害语音、句法和语义。一无所知的儿童是非语言的,在其他儿童中,语言稀疏、不流利、听不懂、不能理解;(2)充分理解的表达障碍影响语音产生--主要是。语言障碍儿童是最严重的变种,也可能是非语言的,但理解能力较好;(3)高阶加工障碍影响语义、语用和语篇。语义学和语用学在学龄前自闭症儿童中总是受到影响,在这些儿童中没有出现孤立的表达缺陷。发育性语言障碍的病因主要是遗传的。通过神经成像可以检测到的脑部结构性病变是例外。严重的感受性缺陷需要睡眠脑电图来检测亚临床癫痫。早期教育干预既关键又有效。
Non‐specialists can identify three types of developmental language disorder. (1) mixed receptive/expressive disorders, which impair phonology, syntax, and semantics. Children who understand nothing are nonverbal, in others speech is sparse, nonfluent, poorly intelligible, and agrammatic; (2) expressive disorders with adequate comprehension affect phonologic production‐predominantly. Children with verbal dyspraxia, the most severe variant, may also be nonverbal but comprehend well; (3) higher order processing disorders affect semantics, pragmatics, and discourse. Semantics and pragmatics are invariably affected in preschool autistic children in whom isolated expressive deficits do not occur. Etiology of developmental language disorders is predominantly genetic. Structural brain lesions detectable by neuroimaging are exceptional. Severe receptive deficits require a sleep EEG to detect subclinical epilepsy. Early educational intervention is both critical and efficacious.
先天性听觉失聪(先天性词聋):及其与语言障碍和其他言语缺陷的关系*
DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.s1-10.39.193
发表时间: 1930
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