Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and associated factors among healthcare workers in northern Tanzania.
Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and associated factors among healthcare workers in northern Tanzania.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12879-018-3376-2
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发表时间：
2018-09-21
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Maro VP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shao ER;Mboya IB;Gunda DW;Ruhangisa FG;Temu EM;Nkwama ML;Pyuza JJ;Kilonzo KG;Lyamuya FS;Maro VP
乙型肝炎病毒感染是一个全球卫生问题，在东亚和撒哈拉以南非洲流行率最高。大多数感染者，包括卫生保健工作者，都不知道自己的状况。本研究旨在确定坦桑尼亚北部卫生保健工作者中乙型肝炎病毒感染的血清流行率及其相关因素。在2004年全国乙肝疫苗接种运动之前，这项横断面研究包括来自坦桑尼亚一家三级医院和教学医院的442名卫生保健工作者（HCWs）。以问卷为基础的访谈获得了以下方面的详细历史：人口特征；职业风险，如飞溅和针扎伤或其他侵入性手术，如静脉注射、肌肉注射或皮下注射；输血和手术史，以及医护人员对乙肝病毒的了解。采用Laborex HBsAg快速检测法检测HBV血清学标志物。0个月时进行血清学，6个月后重复（bioscienceinternational.co.ke/ fast -test-laborex.html HBsAg Piazzale-milano-2， Italy[2017年11月访问]）。采用χ2检验比较不同HCWs特征的HBV感染比例。采用多变量logistic回归确定与HBV感染相关的因素。调查共发出450份问卷，回应率为98.2%。在回答问卷的442名卫生保健员中，慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染率为5.7%（25/442）。只有50名（11.3%）的医护人员知道自己的乙肝病毒状况。在6个月后进行的第二次HBsAg检测中，排除了一名血清转化的参与者。经其他因素校正后，输血史显著增加HBV感染的几率（OR = 21.44, 95%CI 6.05, 76.01, p < 0.001），而HBV疫苗接种对HBV感染有保护作用（OR = 0.06, 95%CI 0.02, 0.26, p < 0.001）。大多数慢性HBV感染的医护人员对HBV感染的知识贫乏，但在控制混杂因素后，这没有统计学意义。卫生保健工作者中HBV的流行率为5.7%，与全国流行率相似。虽然参加研究的有效率很好，但医护人员对HBV感染的了解并不令人满意。输血史增加了HBV感染的风险，而接种疫苗降低了HBV感染的风险。本研究建议继续为卫生保健工作者接种疫苗，并在全国范围内继续进行医学教育。我们还建议在雇用卫生保健员之前，应询问疫苗接种证据的文件，以使更多的人对疫苗接种更加敏感。虽然我们没有评估个人防护装备的使用情况，但我们鼓励卫生保健工作者严格遵守预防医院感染的普遍保护措施。
Hepatitis B virus infection is a global health problem with the highest prevalence in East Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. The majority of infected people, including healthcare workers are unaware of their status. This study is aimed to determining seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and associated factors among healthcare workers in northern Tanzania. This cross-sectional study included 442 healthcare workers (HCWs) from a tertiary and teaching hospital in Tanzania before the nationwide hepatitis B vaccination campaign in 2004. Questionnaire- based interviews were used to obtain detailed histories of the following: demographic characteristics; occupation risks such splash and needle stick injuries or other invasive procedure such as intravenous, intramuscular or subcutaneous injections; history of blood transfusion and surgeries, as well as HCWs’knowledge of HBV. Serological markers of HBV were done using Laborex HBsAg rapid test. Serology was done at zero months and repeated after six months (bioscienceinternational.co.ke/rapid-test-laborex.html HBsAg Piazzale-milano-2, Italy [Accessed on November 2017]). Chi-square (χ2) tests were used to compare proportion of HBV infection by different HCWs characteristics. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with HBV infection. A total of 450 surveys were sent out, with a 98.2% response rate. Among the 442 HCWs who answered the questionnaire, the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus infection was 5.7% (25/442). Only 50 (11.3%) of HCWs were aware of the HBV status. During the second HBsAg testing which was done after six months one participant sero-converted hence was excluded. Adjusted for other factors, history of blood transfusion significantly increased the odds of HBV infection (OR = 21.44, 95%CI 6.05, 76.01, p < 0.001) while HBV vaccine uptake was protective against HBV infection (OR = 0.06, 95%CI 0.02, 0.26, p < 0.001). The majority of HCWs with chronic HBV infection had poor to fare knowledge about HBV infection but this was not statistically significant when controlled for confounding. Prevalence of HBV among health care workers was 5.7% which is similar to national prevalence. Although the response rate to take part in the study was good but knowledge on HBV infection among HCWs was unsatisfactory. History of blood transfusion increased risks while vaccine uptake decreased the risk of HBV infection. This study recommends continues vaccinating HCWs together with continues medical education all over the country. We also recommend documentation of vaccination evidence should be asked before employment of HCWs in order to sensitize more uptakes of vaccinations. Although we didn’t assess the use of personal protective equipment but we encourage HCWs to abide strictly on universal protections against nosocomial infections.
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DOI：
10.5897/jphe2015.0795
发表时间：
2016-01-01
期刊：
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hassan, M.;Awosan, K. J.;Oche, M. O.
通讯作者：
Oche, M. O.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Abeje, Gedefaw;Azage, Muluken
通讯作者：
Azage, Muluken
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Mueller, A.;Stoetter, L.;Kasang, C.
通讯作者：
Kasang, C.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Debes, Jose D.;Kayandabila, Johnstone;Pogemiller, Hope
通讯作者：
Pogemiller, Hope
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Meschi, S.;Schepisi, M. Sane;Ippolito, G.
通讯作者：
Ippolito, G.