Genetic basis of cell-cell fusion mechanisms.

Genetic basis of cell-cell fusion mechanisms.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tig.2013.01.011
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发表时间:
2013-07
期刊:
影响因子:
11.4
通讯作者:
Wong, Melissa
Wong, Melissa
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Aguilar, Pablo S.;Baylies, Mary K.;Fleissner, Andre;Helming, Laura;Inoue, Naokazu;Podbilewicz, Benjamin;Wang, Hongmei;Wong, Melissa

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有性繁殖生物中的细胞-细胞融合是一种融合配子基因组的机制,在多细胞生物中,它是塑造肌肉、骨骼和胎盘等器官的一种策略。此外,这一机制还与感染和癌症等病理情况有关。对遗传模式生物的研究揭示了一个统一的原则:细胞融合是一个遗传编程过程。这个过程可以分为三个阶段:(I)能力:细胞诱导和分化;(Ii)承诺:细胞决定、迁移和黏附;(Iii)细胞融合:膜融合和细胞质混合。最近的工作导致了融合原的发现,融合蛋白是融合细胞膜所必需的,也是足够的。已经发现了两个不相关的融合原家族,一个在小鼠胎盘中,另一个在秀丽隐杆线虫中(分别是合胞素和F蛋白)。目前的研究目的是鉴定新的融合菌,并确定融合菌合并膜的机制。
Cell-cell fusion in sexually reproducing organisms is a mechanism to merge gamete genomes, and in multicellular organisms, it is a strategy to sculpt organs such as muscles, bones, and placenta. Moreover, this mechanism has been implicated in pathological conditions such as infection and cancer. Study of genetic model organisms has uncovered a unifying principle: cell fusion is a genetically programmed process. This process can be divided in three stages: (i) competence: cell induction and differentiation, (ii) commitment: cell determination, migration and adhesion, and (iii) cell fusion: membrane merging and cytoplasmic mixing. Recent work has led to the discovery of fusogens, cell fusion proteins that are necessary and sufficient to fuse cell membranes. Two unrelated families of fusogens have been discovered, one in mouse placenta and one in Caenorhabditis elegans (Syncytins and F proteins, respectively). Current research aims to identify new fusogens and determine the mechanisms by which fusogens merge membranes.
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