SARS-CoV-2 Spike Alterations Enhance Pseudoparticle Titers and Replication-Competent VSV-SARS-CoV-2 Virus.

SARS-CoV-2 Spike Alterations Enhance Pseudoparticle Titers and Replication-Competent VSV-SARS-CoV-2 Virus.
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DOI:
10.3390/v12121465
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发表时间:
2020-12-18
期刊:
Viruses
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Brindley MA
Brindley MA
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Havranek KE;Jimenez AR;Acciani MD;Lay Mendoza MF;Reyes Ballista JM;Diaz DA;Brindley MA

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严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)是最近一次全球大流行的病原体,在世界各地造成100多万人死亡。刺突糖蛋白(S)驱动该病毒的进入和融合,并且是细胞嗜性的主要决定因素。为了探索在BSL 2条件下进入S的要求,S已被假型化到水泡性口炎病毒(VSV)或逆转录病毒颗粒上,并取得了不同的成功。对S的几种改变被证明可以提高假颗粒滴度,但它们尚未被系统地比较。在这项研究中,我们产生了假型VSV颗粒与多个修改S,包括截断,突变,和标签策略。本研究的主要目的是确定S蛋白的哪些修饰优化细胞表面表达、掺入假型化颗粒和假颗粒进入。去除最后19个残基的细胞质尾产生超融合S,而去除21个残基增加S表面生产和VSV掺入。此外,我们设计了一种可复制的VSV(rVSV)病毒,以产生具有截短胞质尾的S-D 614 G变体。虽然颗粒可用于评估S进入要求,但rVSV P2 G/SMet 1D 614 G P21病毒的特异性感染性(颗粒与感染滴度比)较差。
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the most recent global pandemic that has caused more than a million deaths around the world. The spike glycoprotein (S) drives the entry and fusion of this virus and is the main determinant of cell tropism. To explore S requirements for entry under BSL2 conditions, S has been pseudotyped onto vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) or retroviral particles with varied success. Several alterations to S were demonstrated to improve pseudoparticle titers, but they have not been systematically compared. In this study, we produced pseudotyped VSV particles with multiple modifications to S, including truncation, mutation, and tagging strategies. The main objective of this study was to determine which modifications of the S protein optimize cell surface expression, incorporation into pseudotyped particles, and pseudoparticle entry. Removal of the last 19 residues of the cytoplasmic tail produced a hyper-fusogenic S, while removal of 21 residues increased S surface production and VSV incorporation. Additionally, we engineered a replication-competent VSV (rVSV) virus to produce the S-D614G variant with a truncated cytoplasmic tail. While the particles can be used to assess S entry requirements, the rVSV∆G/SMet1D614G∆21 virus has a poor specific infectivity (particle to infectious titer ratio).
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