Coronavirus Spike Protein and Tropism Changes.
Coronavirus Spike Protein and Tropism Changes.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/bs.aivir.2016.08.004
复制
发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bosch BJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hulswit RJ;de Haan CA;Bosch BJ
冠状病毒（Coronaviruses，CoV）具有改变嗜性的显著潜力。在过去15年中，两种人畜共患冠状病毒的出现特别说明了这一点，即严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）和中东呼吸综合征（MERS）-冠状病毒。由于其固有的遗传变异性，不可避免地会发生这些包膜、正链RNA病毒的新跨种属传播事件。SARS和MERS爆发引发了对这些医学和兽医重要病原体的研究，揭示了种间和种内嗜性变化的重要原则。CoV嗜性的主要决定因素是病毒刺突（S）进入蛋白。病毒体表面上S糖蛋白的三聚体调节与细胞表面受体的结合以及病毒和细胞膜的融合。最近，两个冠状病毒S蛋白的高分辨率结构已被阐明的单粒子冷冻电子显微镜。使用这种新的结构的见解，我们审查的变化，在S蛋白的病毒嗜性的变化。不同的概念在细胞，组织和宿主物种水平上的这些向性变化，包括滥交或适应性的S蛋白orthostransferase受体，蛋白水解裂解激活的改变，以及在S蛋白亚稳性的变化。深入了解S蛋白在冠状病毒进入中的关键作用，对于进一步了解病毒的跨物种传播和发病机制以及制定干预策略至关重要。
Coronaviruses (CoVs) have a remarkable potential to change tropism. This is particularly illustrated over the last 15 years by the emergence of two zoonotic CoVs, the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)- and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV. Due to their inherent genetic variability, it is inevitable that new cross-species transmission events of these enveloped, positive-stranded RNA viruses will occur. Research into these medical and veterinary important pathogens—sparked by the SARS and MERS outbreaks—revealed important principles of inter- and intraspecies tropism changes. The primary determinant of CoV tropism is the viral spike (S) entry protein. Trimers of the S glycoproteins on the virion surface accommodate binding to a cell surface receptor and fusion of the viral and cellular membrane. Recently, high-resolution structures of two CoV S proteins have been elucidated by single-particle cryo-electron microscopy. Using this new structural insight, we review the changes in the S protein that relate to changes in virus tropism. Different concepts underlie these tropism changes at the cellular, tissue, and host species level, including the promiscuity or adaptability of S proteins to orthologous receptors, alterations in the proteolytic cleavage activation as well as changes in the S protein metastability. A thorough understanding of the key role of the S protein in CoV entry is critical to further our understanding of virus cross-species transmission and pathogenesis and for development of intervention strategies.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Alagaili AN;Briese T;Mishra N;Kapoor V;Sameroff SC;Burbelo PD;de Wit E;Munster VJ;Hensley LE;Zalmout IS;Kapoor A;Epstein JH;Karesh WB;Daszak P;Mohammed OB;Lipkin WI
通讯作者：
Lipkin WI
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Chang HW;Egberink HF;Halpin R;Spiro DJ;Rottier PJ
通讯作者：
Rottier PJ
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Bosch, Berend Jan;Smits, Saskia L.;Haagmans, Bart L.
通讯作者：
Haagmans, Bart L.
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Corman, Victor Max;Baldwin, Heather J.;Drexler, Jan Felix
通讯作者：
Drexler, Jan Felix
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Ait-Slimane, Tounsia;Galmes, Romain;Maurice, Michele
通讯作者：
Maurice, Michele