Receiver function imaging of lithospheric structure and the onset of melting beneath the Galápagos Archipelago

Receiver function imaging of lithospheric structure and the onset of melting beneath the Galápagos Archipelago
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加拉帕戈斯群岛下方岩石圈结构和融化开始的接收函数成像

DOI:
10.1016/j.epsl.2013.11.027
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Rychert C
Rychert C
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rychert C

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摘要 加拉帕戈斯群岛为研究年轻海洋岩石圈的特性、热点异常对岩石圈厚度的影响以及热点-山脊相互作用中的熔融动力学提供了机会。在这里,我们使用分别由圣克鲁斯岛和伊莎贝拉岛的 SIGNET 阵列和永久站 PAYG 记录的数据。我们使用 P-to-S (Ps) 和 S-to-P (Sp) 接收函数来约束地壳和地幔结构。同时反卷积方法用于约束一维结构以及鲁棒特征的建模。使用迁移扩展多锥体方法来研究 3D 结构变化。 Ps 图像显示速度在 11±7 km 处随深度增加,可能是前地幔柱地壳或旧莫霍面的底部。 Sp 成像和建模在 37±7 公里深度处呈现第二次更深的速度增加。平均在 75±12 公里处成像速度随深度降低,可能与岩石圈-软流圈边界有关。该不连续性在西南方向较深(82 公里)处成像,在东北部靠近扩张脊的地方较浅(66 公里)处。尽管这一趋势与岩石圈随年龄增厚的趋势一致,但其厚度远大于0-10 My大洋岩石圈传导冷却模型预测的厚度。我们推断成分对速度变化的贡献。最后,在约 125 至 145±15 公里深度处成像了速度随深度增加的情况,这可能与熔化的开始有关。该不连续性在加拉帕戈斯平台山脊区域的 3 个扇区更深处成像,全部与上部 100 公里最慢的表面波剪切速度异常一致。其中一个位于西南部一个假设的羽流位置。另外两个位于西北和东北,可能揭示了与复杂的羽流-山脊相互作用相关的多个羽流转移。
Abstract The Galápagos Archipelago represents an opportunity to investigate the properties of young oceanic lithosphere, the effects of a hotspot anomaly on lithospheric thickness, and melting dynamics in a hotspot-ridge interaction. Here we use data recorded by the SIGNET array and permanent station PAYG on the Islands Santa Cruz and Isabela, respectively. We used P-to-S (Ps) and S-to-P (Sp) receiver functions to constrain crust and mantle structure. A simultaneous deconvolution method was used to constrain 1-D structure and also for the modeling of robust features. A migrated extended multitaper method was used to investigate 3-D structural variations. Ps images a velocity increase with depth at 11±7 km, probably the base of the pre-plume crust, or old Moho. Sp imaging and modeling images a second, deeper velocity increase at 37±7 km depth. A velocity decrease with depth is imaged on average at 75±12 km likely associated with the lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary. This discontinuity is imaged deeper, 82 km, in the southwest and shallower, 66 km, in the northeast near the spreading ridge. Although the trend is consistent with lithospheric thickening with age, the thickness is much larger than predicted by conductive cooling models of 0–10 My oceanic lithosphere. We infer a compositional contribution to velocity variations. Finally, a velocity increase with depth is imaged at∼ 125 to 145±15 km depth that is likely associated with the onset of melting. The discontinuity is imaged deeper in 3 sectors of the Galápagos platform-ridge region, all coincident with the slowest surface wave shear velocity anomalies in the upper 100 km. One is located in the southwest in a hypothesized plume location. The other two are to the northwest and northeast, possibly illuminating multiple plume diversions related to complex plume–ridge interactions.
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