Nanodomain Coupling at an Excitatory Cortical Synapse

Nanodomain Coupling at an Excitatory Cortical Synapse
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兴奋性皮质突触处的纳米域耦合

DOI:
10.1016/j.cub.2012.12.007
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
影响因子:
9.2
通讯作者:
Eilers J
Eilers J
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schmidt H;Brachtendorf S;Arendt O;Hallermann S;Ishiyama S;Bornschein G;Gall D;Schiffmann SN;Heckmann M;Eilers J

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突触前钙离子内流和囊泡递质释放传感器之间的耦合距离决定了突触传递的速度和可靠性[1,2]。纳米结构域耦合(<100 nm)有利于保真度[1,2],并被专门用于逃逸反射的突触[3]和参与同步快速网络振荡的抑制性突触[1]所利用。皮质谷氨酸能突触似乎放弃了紧密耦合的好处[4-6],但缺乏定量的细节[2,7]。然而,松散耦合的传输保真度降低提出了一个问题,即这是否真的是皮质突触的一般特征。在这里,我们分析了兴奋性平行纤维到浦肯野细胞突触,这是感觉信息的主要加工地点[8],非常适合分析,因为它们通常只有一个活动区[9]。我们通过结合多概率波动分析、突触前钙成像和对野生型和Calretinin缺陷小鼠的反应-扩散模拟来量化耦合距离。我们发现这些突触的耦合距离为30纳米,比迄今为止研究的任何其他谷氨酸能皮质突触都要短得多。我们的结果表明,纳域耦合是参与高频传递的传统皮质突触的一般特征,允许密集的灰质堆积和经济有效的神经传递。
The coupling distance between presynaptic Ca2+influx and the sensor for vesicular transmitter release determines speed and reliability of synaptic transmission [1, 2]. Nanodomain coupling (<100 nm) favors fidelity [1, 2] and is employed by synapses specialized for escape reflexes [3] and by inhibitory synapses involved in synchronizing fast network oscillations [1]. Cortical glutamatergic synapses seem to forgo the benefits of tight coupling [4–6], yet quantitative detail is lacking [2, 7]. The reduced transmission fidelity of loose coupling, however, raises the question whether it is indeed a general characteristic of cortical synapses. Here we analyzed excitatory parallel fiber to Purkinje cell synapses, major processing sites for sensory information [8] and well suited for analysis because they typically harbor only a single active zone [9]. We quantified the coupling distance by combining multiprobability fluctuation analyses, presynaptic Ca2+imaging, and reaction-diffusion simulations in wild-type and calretinin-deficient mice. We found a coupling distance of <30 nm at these synapses, much shorter than at any other glutamatergic cortical synapse investigated to date. Our results suggest that nanodomain coupling is a general characteristic of conventional cortical synapses involved in high-frequency transmission, allowing for dense gray matter packing and cost-effective neurotransmission.
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