Upper bounds of inequality of opportunity: theory and evidence for Germany and the US

Upper bounds of inequality of opportunity: theory and evidence for Germany and the US
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机会不平等的上限:德国和美国的理论和证据

DOI:
10.1007/s00355-013-0770-y
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
0.9
通讯作者:
Peichl
Peichl
中科院分区:
经济学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
NiehuesJ;Peichl

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以前的估计机会不平等(IOp)的下限,因为不可观察的一套完整的天赋特征超出了个人的责任范围。然而,了解不公平IOp的真实规模对于接受(某些)不平等和设计再分配政策非常重要,因为低估IOp的真实数量可能导致再分配过少。本文提出了一个固定效应估计IOp,它可以被解释为一个上限。我们说明我们的方法比较德国和美国的基础上协调的微观数据。我们发现,这两个国家的毛收入和净收入的估计值的下限和上限之间存在显著的、相当大的和稳健的差异,无论是基于定期收入还是永久收入。
Previous estimates of inequality of opportunity (IOp) are lower bounds because of the unobservability of the full set of endowed characteristics beyond the sphere of individual responsibility. Knowing the true size of unfair IOp, however, is important for the acceptance of (some) inequality and the design of redistributive policies as underestimating the true amount of IOp might lead to too little redistribution. This paper suggests a fixed effects estimator for IOp which can be interpreted as an upper bound. We illustrate our approach by comparing Germany and the US based on harmonized micro data. We find significant, sizeable and robust differences between lower and upper bound estimates—both for gross and net earnings based on either periodical or permanent income—for both countries.
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DOI: 10.1006/jeth.1995.1018
发表时间: 1995
影响因子: 1.6
作者:
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期刊: European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions eJournal
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