On-line evidence for elaborative logical inferences in text.

On-line evidence for elaborative logical inferences in text.
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文本中详尽的逻辑推理的在线证据。

DOI:
10.1037//0278-7393.21.6.1469
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发表时间:
1995
期刊:
Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lea,RB
Lea,RB
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lea,RB

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由MDS brain、BJ Reiser和B. Rumain(1984)提出的命题逻辑推理模型声称,“p或q;not p/| mC q”是读者在两个前提都可用的情况下自发产生的。这一说法与文本处理文献中的一些证据不一致,这些证据表明,只有那些对文本连贯性必要的推断是自发产生的。在本研究中,参与者阅读了不需要逻辑推理来保持文本连贯性的故事,并通过在线探针评估了推理能力。有两个实验测试了Braine等人模型的核心逻辑形式,并且都表明参与者正在进行逻辑推理。两个进一步的实验用不以主题标题开头的故事重复了这一结果。这些发现支持了Braine等人的预测,即一些命题逻辑推理是在不需要连贯性的文本中常规进行的。
A model of propositional-logic reasoning proposed by MDS Braine, BJ Reiser, and B. Rumain (1984) claims that inferences such as “p or q; not p/| mC q” are made spontaneously by readers at the moment both premises are available. This claim is inconsistent with some evidence in the text-processing literature that suggests that only those inferences necessary for textual coherence are made spontaneously. In the present study, participants read stories in which a logical inference was not necessary to maintain textual coherence, and inference making was assessed with on-line probes. Two experiments tested logical forms central to Braine et al.'s model, and both indicated that participants were making the logical inferences. Two further experiments replicated this result with stories that did not begin with thematic titles. These findings support Braine et al.'s prediction that some propositional-logic inferences are made routinely in texts that do not require them for coherence.
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