ATP from synaptic terminals and astrocytes regulates NMDA receptors and synaptic plasticity through PSD-95 multi-protein complex.

ATP from synaptic terminals and astrocytes regulates NMDA receptors and synaptic plasticity through PSD-95 multi-protein complex.
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DOI:
10.1038/srep33609
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发表时间:
2016-09-19
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Pankratov Y
Pankratov Y
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lalo U;Palygin O;Verkhratsky A;Grant SG;Pankratov Y

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最近的研究强调了星形胶质细胞分泌的分子(例如 ATP)对于中枢神经元突触传递的缓慢调节的重要性。然而,神经胶质递质对个体突触强度影响的生物物理机制仍不清楚。在这里,我们证明嘌呤能 P2X 受体可以对单个突触纽带中的信号传导做出重大贡献。星形胶质细胞释放的 ATP 通过 Ca2+ 依赖性机制促进 P2X 受体募集到兴奋性突触中。 P2X 受体与兴奋性突触中的 NMDA 受体共定位,可以被突触前末端与谷氨酸共同释放的 ATP 以及神经胶质细胞衍生的 ATP 激活。 P2X 受体的激活反过来通过 Ca2+ 依赖性去磷酸化以及与 PSD-95 多蛋白复合物的相互作用导致突触后 NMDA 受体的下调。 PSD-95 或 P2X4 受体的基因缺失消除了 ATP 介导的 NMDA 受体下调。 PSD-95 突变体中 NMDA 受体的嘌呤能调节受损,显着降低了 LTP 诱导的阈值,并增加了 LTP 的净量级。我们的研究结果表明,神经胶质细胞和神经元来源的 ATP 的协同作用可以预调节兴奋性突触的功效,从而在神经胶质细胞-神经元通讯和大脑后可塑性中发挥重要作用。
Recent studies highlighted the importance of astrocyte-secreted molecules, such as ATP, for the slow modulation of synaptic transmission in central neurones. Biophysical mechanisms underlying the impact of gliotransmitters on the strength of individual synapse remain, however, unclear. Here we show that purinergic P2X receptors can bring significant contribution to the signalling in the individual synaptic boutons. ATP released from astrocytes facilitates a recruitment of P2X receptors into excitatory synapses by Ca2+-dependent mechanism. P2X receptors, co-localized with NMDA receptors in the excitatory synapses, can be activated by ATP co-released with glutamate from pre-synaptic terminals and by glia-derived ATP. An activation of P2X receptors in turn leads to down-regulation of postsynaptic NMDA receptors via Ca2+-dependent de-phosphorylation and interaction with PSD-95 multi-protein complex. Genetic deletion of the PSD-95 or P2X4 receptors obliterated ATP-mediated down-regulation of NMDA receptors. Impairment of purinergic modulation of NMDA receptors in the PSD-95 mutants dramatically decreased the threshold of LTP induction and increased the net magnitude of LTP. Our findings show that synergistic action of glia- and neurone-derived ATP can pre-modulate efficacy of excitatory synapses and thereby can have an important role in the glia-neuron communications and brain meta-plasticity.
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