Genesis and morphogenesis of limb synovial joints and articular cartilage.
Genesis and morphogenesis of limb synovial joints and articular cartilage.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.matbio.2014.08.006
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发表时间：
2014-10
期刊：
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Pacifici, Maurizio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Decker, Rebekah S.;Koyama, Eiki;Pacifici, Maurizio
关键词：
肢体滑膜关节是由关节软骨、滑膜、韧带和关节囊组成的复杂结构。每个关节都有独特的形状、组织和生物力学功能，关节软骨本身相当复杂，组织在不同的区域，包括产生润滑剂和含有干细胞/祖细胞的浅层区域。多年来，人们一直很感兴趣地破译关节形成的机制，并获得如此独特的结构特征和多样性。几十年前，经典胚胎学家发现，在每个规定的肢体部位，关节形成的第一个明显迹象是出现密集而紧凑的间充质细胞群，统称为带间细胞。从那以后，几个小组开展的工作提供了证据，表明在发育过程中，带间细胞确实积极参与关节组织的形成。这篇小型综述简要而全面地描述了这一研究领域的许多重要的最新进展。这些研究包括：利用各种条件报告小鼠对关节祖细胞的起源、命运和可能的功能进行遗传追踪和追踪的研究；信号通路和转录因子在关节细胞决定和功能中的作用研究研究使用先进的基因表达分析方法来揭示关节形成和多样性的新遗传决定因素。总体进展令人印象深刻，这些发现不仅具有明显的兴趣和重要性，而且对构想未来用于修复和再生缺陷，过度使用或老化关节的转化医学工具具有重大意义。
Limb synovial joints are intricate structures composed of articular cartilage, synovial membranes, ligaments and an articular capsule. Each joint has a unique shape, organization and biomechanical function, and articular cartilage itself is rather complex and organized in distinct zones, including the superficial zone that produces lubricans and contains stem/progenitor cells. There has been a great of interest for many years to decipher the mechanisms by which the joints form and come to acquire such unique structural features and diversity. Decades ago, classic embryologists discovered that the first overt sign of joint formation at each prescribed limb site is the appearance of a dense and compact population of mesenchymal cells collectively called the interzone. Work carried out since by several groups has provided evidence that the interzone cells do actively participate in joint tissue formation over developmental time. This minireview provides a succinct but comprehensive description of the many and important recent advances in this field of research. These includes: studies using various conditional reporter mice to genetically trace and track the origin, fate and possible function of joint progenitor cells; studies on the involvement and roles in signaling pathways and transcription factors in joint cell determination and functioning; and studies using advanced methods of gene expression analyses to uncover novel genetic determinants of joint formation and diversity. The overall advances are impressive, and the findings are not only of obvious interest and importance, but have major implications to conceive future translational medicine tools to repair and regenerate defective, overused or aging joints.
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影响因子：
2.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
2.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
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