Effects of introspecting about reasons: inferring attitudes from accessible thoughts.

Effects of introspecting about reasons: inferring attitudes from accessible thoughts.
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反思原因的效果:从可理解的想法中推断态度。

DOI:
10.1037//0022-3514.69.1.16
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发表时间:
1995
影响因子:
7.6
通讯作者:
LaFleur,SJ
LaFleur,SJ
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wilson,TD;Hodges,SD;LaFleur,SJ

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以前的研究表明,分析原因可以改变人们的态度,但这种影响的确切机制并不完全清楚。据推测,内省的原因集中人们的注意力在思想,在记忆中是可访问的,并增加人们认为他们的可访问的想法适用于他们目前的态度的程度。在研究1中,大学生形成了对目标人物的最初印象,然后对目标人物的积极或消极想法进行了记忆。延迟一段时间后,一半的参与者分析了他们态度的原因,一半回忆了目标人物的行为。正如预测的那样,分析原因的人对目标人物的态度更多地基于他们对她的回忆。研究2表明,无论人们最初是否在网上形成印象,这种效果都会发生。分析原因和态度形成的影响进行了讨论。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2016阿帕,保留所有权利)
Previous research has shown that analyzing reasons can change people's attitudes, but the exact mechanisms of this effect have not been entirely clear. It was hypothesized that introspecting about reasons focuses people's attention on thoughts that are accessible in memory and increases the extent to which people view their accessible thoughts as applicable to their current attitudes. In Study 1, college students formed initial impressions of a target person, and then positive or negative thoughts about the target person were made memorable. After a delay, half of the participants analyzed reasons for their attitude and half recalled the target person's behaviors. As predicted, people who analyzed reasons reported attitudes toward the target person that were based more on what they could recall about her. Study 2 showed that this effect occurs regardless of whether people initially form an online impression. Implications for the effects of analyzing reasons and for attitude formation are discussed.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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