The role of pawnshops in risk coping in early twentieth-century Japan

The role of pawnshops in risk coping in early twentieth-century Japan
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当铺在二十世纪初日本风险应对中的作用

DOI:
10.1017/s0968565021000111
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
0.7
通讯作者:
Inoue Tatsuki
Inoue Tatsuki
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Byrne Joseph;Sakemoto Ryuta;髙橋宏承;Inoue Tatsuki

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这项研究考察了典当行在20世纪初日本作为一种风险应对工具的作用,当时穷人非常容易受到疾病等意外冲击的影响。与欧洲国家形成对比的是,直到20世纪20年代,日本的典当行一直是低收入人群的主要金融机构。使用250多个城市的典当行贷款数据,并将1918-20年的流感大流行作为自然实验,我们发现,不利的健康冲击增加了典当行的贷款总额。这是因为那些经常依赖当铺的人比平时从当铺借了更多的钱,而不是因为使用当铺的人数增加了。我们的估计结果表明,由于大流行,典当行的贷款额增加了大约7%-10%。这些发现表明,典当行贷款被广泛用作应对风险的策略。
This study examines the role of pawnshops as a risk-coping device in Japan in the early twentieth century, when the poor were very vulnerable to unexpected shocks such as illness. In contrast to European countries, Japanese pawnshops were the primary financial institution for low-income people up to the 1920s. Using data on pawnshop loans for more than 250 municipalities and exploiting the 1918–20 influenza pandemic as a natural experiment, we find that the adverse health shock increased the total amount of loans from pawnshops. This is because those who regularly relied on pawnshops borrowed more money from them than usual, and not because the number of people who used pawnshops increased. Our estimation results indicate that pawnshop loan amounts increased by approximately 7–10 percent due to the pandemic. These findings suggest that pawnshop loans were widely used as a risk-coping strategy.
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