Morphology of immatures of the thelytokous ant, Monomorium triviale Wheeler (Formicidae: Myrmicinae: Solenopsidini) with descriptions of the extraordinary last-instar queen larvae
Morphology of immatures of the thelytokous ant, Monomorium triviale Wheeler (Formicidae: Myrmicinae: Solenopsidini) with descriptions of the extraordinary last-instar queen larvae
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产雌产蚁 Monomorium triviale Wheeler 幼体的形态学（蚁科：Myrmicinae：Solenopsidini）以及非凡的末龄蚁后幼虫的描述
DOI：
10.11646/zootaxa.5105.2.5
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
DOBATA SHIGETO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
IDOGAWA NAOTO;GOTOH AYAKO;DOBATA SHIGETO
蚂蚁属Monomorium是桃金娘亚科中物种最丰富但在分类上存在问题的类群之一。一种东亚物种M.trivialeWheeler，W.M.，通过专性的子房孤雌生殖产生生殖女王和不育工蜂。在这里，我们描述了不成熟的FM形式。根据光学和扫描电子显微镜的观察，并注意到在最后一龄幼虫中显著的种姓二型性。末龄蜂王幼虫体型较大，体型“无乳突”，体侧和背侧表面均有一排排门把手状结节，容易辨认。这种女王特有的结构在一般蚂蚁中都没有发现，更不用说在日本发现的同属物种了。与蚁后幼虫形成鲜明对比的是，工蚁幼虫的体型和体表与其他蚂蚁相似。工蜂幼虫估计有三个龄期，与之前描述的同系物一致。这两个等级的蛹也没有茧，这是其他桃金娘亚科物种普遍描述的特征。总体而言，在25℃下，从卵到成虫的发育期平均为59天。在前人研究的基础上，我们讨论了蜂王幼虫结节的可能功能。
The ant genusMonomoriumis one of the most species-rich but taxonomically problematic groups in the hyperdiverse subfamily Myrmicinae. An East Asian species,M. trivialeWheeler, W. M., produces both reproductive queens and sterile workers via obligate thelytokous parthenogenesis. Here, we describe the immature forms ofM. trivialebased on light and scanning electron microscopy observations, with a note on the striking caste dimorphism in the last larval instar. The last-instar queen larvae were easily recognized by their large size, “aphaenogastoroid” body shape, and rows of doorknob-like tubercles on the lateral and dorsal body surface. This type of queen-specific structure has not been found in ants in general, let alone congeneric species found in Japan. In stark contrast to the queen larvae, worker larvae showed a “pheidoloid” body shape and a body surface similar to other ants. The worker larvae were estimated to have three instars, consistent with previously described congeners. The pupae of both castes also had no cocoon, a characteristic commonly described in other Myrmicinae species. In total, the developmental period from egg to adult worker averaged 59 days under 25°C. We discuss possible functions of the tubercles of queen larvae based on previous studies.
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