After the revolution: how is Cryo-EM contributing to muscle research?

After the revolution: how is Cryo-EM contributing to muscle research?
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革命之后:冷冻电镜如何为肌肉研究做出贡献?

DOI:
10.1007/s10974-019-09537-7
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
Bradshaw M
Bradshaw M
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bradshaw M

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自赫胥黎和汉森时代以来,电子显微镜(EM)技术一直是肌肉研究的基础。直接观察肌节中的蛋白质是如何排列的,并可视化激活时发生的变化,大大增加了我们对功能的理解。20世纪80年代,生物EM的样品制备技术摆脱了传统的固定和染色技术。这项名为冷冻电子显微镜(Cryo-EM)的技术被开发出来,它涉及在液态乙烷中快速冻结蛋白质,使它们保持接近自然状态。在过去的5年里,使用Cryo-EM实现的分辨率有了很大的变化。这场“分辨率革命”可以归功于探测器技术、显微镜自动化和最大似然图像处理技术的进步。在这篇文章中,我们着眼于冷冻-EM如何在这个后革命时代为肌肉研究领域做出贡献,重点放在最近发表的肌节蛋白的高分辨率结构上。
The technique of electron microscopy (EM) has been fundamental to muscle research since the days of Huxley and Hanson. Direct observation of how proteins in the sarcomere are arranged and visualising the changes that occur upon activation have greatly increased our understanding of function. In the 1980s specimen preparation techniques for biological EM moved away from traditional fixing and staining. The technique known as cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) was developed, which involves rapidly freezing proteins in liquid ethane which maintains them in a near native state. Within the last 5 years there has been a step change in the achievable resolution using Cryo-EM. This ‘resolution revolution’ can be attributed to advances in detector technology, microscope automation and maximum likelihood image processing. In this article we look at how Cryo-EM has contributed to the field of muscle research in this post revolution era, focussing on recently published high resolution structures of sarcomeric proteins.
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