Racial and ethnic differentials in COVID-19-related job exposures by occupational standing in the US.
Racial and ethnic differentials in COVID-19-related job exposures by occupational standing in the US.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0256085
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Pratt B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goldman N;Pebley AR;Lee K;Andrasfay T;Pratt B
研究人员和记者认为，与工作相关的因素可能是弱势群体新冠肺炎感染和死亡率不成比例的部分原因。我们通过描述种族和民族在与工作相关的新冠肺炎接触可能性方面的差异来评估这些问题。我们扩展了之前的研究，考虑了12个种族和民族以及五种潜在的职业接触病毒：接触感染、与他人的身体接触、面对面的讨论、与外部客户和公众的互动以及在室内工作。最重要的是，我们根据职业地位对结果进行分层，职业地位的定义是每个职业中至少受过一定大学教育的工人所占的比例。这一衡量标准可以衡量工作场所和员工是否采用了与新冠肺炎相关的风险降低战略。我们使用2018年美国社区调查按职业识别最近的工人，并将409个职业与职业信息网的工作环境信息链接起来，以确定潜在的COVID相关风险因素。然后，我们研究所有前线工作人员和具有最高潜在新冠肺炎风险的前线工作人员按职业地位和性别的种族/民族分布。结果表明，与预期相反，白人前线工人在高风险工作中的比例往往过高，而黑人和拉丁裔前线工人在这些工作中的比例普遍偏低。然而，按职业地位分类的结果表明，与白人和几个亚洲群体相比，拉美裔和黑人一线工人在总体地位较低的职业和与高风险相关的地位较低的职业中代表性过高，因此可能不太可能获得足够的新冠肺炎保护。我们的研究结果表明，更大的工作暴露可能导致拉丁裔和黑人成年人中新冠肺炎的患病率更高，并突显了采取措施减少低地位职业工人的潜在暴露以及制定工作场所以外的计划的必要性。
Researchers and journalists have argued that work-related factors may be partly responsible for disproportionate COVID-19 infection and death rates among vulnerable groups. We evaluate these issues by describing racial and ethnic differences in the likelihood of work-related exposure to COVID-19. We extend previous studies by considering 12 racial and ethnic groups and five types of potential occupational exposure to the virus: exposure to infection, physical proximity to others, face-to-face discussions, interactions with external customers and the public, and working indoors. Most importantly, we stratify our results by occupational standing, defined as the proportion of workers within each occupation with at least some college education. This measure serves as a proxy for whether workplaces and workers employ COVID-19-related risk reduction strategies. We use the 2018 American Community Survey to identify recent workers by occupation, and link 409 occupations to information on work context from the Occupational Information Network to identify potential COVID-related risk factors. We then examine the racial/ethnic distribution of all frontline workers and frontline workers at highest potential risk of COVID-19, by occupational standing and by sex. The results indicate that, contrary to expectation, White frontline workers are often overrepresented in high-risk jobs while Black and Latino frontline workers are generally underrepresented in these jobs. However, disaggregation of the results by occupational standing shows that, in contrast to Whites and several Asian groups, Latino and Black frontline workers are overrepresented in lower standing occupations overall and in lower standing occupations associated with high risk, and thus may be less likely to have adequate COVID-19 protections. Our findings suggest that greater work exposures likely contribute to a higher prevalence of COVID-19 among Latino and Black adults and underscore the need for measures to reduce potential exposure for workers in low standing occupations and for the development of programs outside the workplace.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Chen YH;Glymour M;Riley A;Balmes J;Duchowny K;Harrison R;Matthay E;Bibbins-Domingo K
通讯作者：
Bibbins-Domingo K
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Hoven H;Wahrendorf M;Siegrist J
通讯作者：
Siegrist J
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
del Rio, Coral;Alonso-Villar, Olga
通讯作者：
Alonso-Villar, Olga
DOI：
10.3390/ijerph18041446
发表时间：
2021-02-04
影响因子：
--
作者：
Gaitens J;Condon M;Fernandes E;McDiarmid M
通讯作者：
McDiarmid M
DOI：
10.15585/mmwr.mm7007a5externalicon
发表时间：
2021-02-19
影响因子：
33.9
作者：
Billock, Rachael M.;Groenewold, Matthew R.;Luckhaupt, Sara E.
通讯作者：
Luckhaupt, Sara E.