Caribbean corals in crisis: record thermal stress, bleaching, and mortality in 2005.
Caribbean corals in crisis: record thermal stress, bleaching, and mortality in 2005.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0013969
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发表时间：
2010-11-15
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Yusuf Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eakin CM;Morgan JA;Heron SF;Smith TB;Liu G;Alvarez-Filip L;Baca B;Bartels E;Bastidas C;Bouchon C;Brandt M;Bruckner AW;Bunkley-Williams L;Cameron A;Causey BD;Chiappone M;Christensen TR;Crabbe MJ;Day O;de la Guardia E;Díaz-Pulido G;DiResta D;Gil-Agudelo DL;Gilliam DS;Ginsburg RN;Gore S;Guzmán HM;Hendee JC;Hernández-Delgado EA;Husain E;Jeffrey CF;Jones RJ;Jordán-Dahlgren E;Kaufman LS;Kline DI;Kramer PA;Lang JC;Lirman D;Mallela J;Manfrino C;Maréchal JP;Marks K;Mihaly J;Miller WJ;Mueller EM;Muller EM;Orozco Toro CA;Oxenford HA;Ponce-Taylor D;Quinn N;Ritchie KB;Rodríguez S;Ramírez AR;Romano S;Samhouri JF;Sánchez JA;Schmahl GP;Shank BV;Skirving WJ;Steiner SC;Villamizar E;Walsh SM;Walter C;Weil E;Williams EH;Roberson KW;Yusuf Y
随着大规模珊瑚漂白和死亡事件的严重性和频率增加，世界海洋温度的上升已成为全球珊瑚礁的主要威胁。2005年，热带大西洋和加勒比海的高温导致该盆地有史以来最严重的漂白事件。2005年6月至10月，随着异常温暖的气候条件在大加勒比区域形成和蔓延，卫星工具为珊瑚礁管理人员和科学家提供了警报，指导研究人员进行实地观测的时间和地点。对白化和死亡率的实地调查在细节和范围上超过了以往的努力，为记录白化的影响和测试即时预报和预测产品提供了新的标准。来自22个国家的合作者进行了迄今为止最全面的流域规模漂白记录，发现许多地点超过80%的珊瑚漂白，超过40%的珊瑚死亡。最严重的白化发生在距离西大西洋暖池最近的沃茨，该暖池位于小安的列斯群岛北方末端。2005年事件期间的热应力超过了过去20年在加勒比地区观测到的任何热应力，区域平均气温是150多年来最高的。卫星数据与实地调查的比较表明，累积的热应力（使用美国国家海洋和大气管理局珊瑚礁监测温度加热周测量）和漂白强度之间存在着显著的预测关系。毫无疑问，这种严重、广泛的白化和死亡将对珊瑚礁生态系统产生长期影响，并表明在气候变暖的情况下，热带海洋生态系统的未来将充满麻烦。
The rising temperature of the world's oceans has become a major threat to coral reefs globally as the severity and frequency of mass coral bleaching and mortality events increase. In 2005, high ocean temperatures in the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean resulted in the most severe bleaching event ever recorded in the basin. Satellite-based tools provided warnings for coral reef managers and scientists, guiding both the timing and location of researchers' field observations as anomalously warm conditions developed and spread across the greater Caribbean region from June to October 2005. Field surveys of bleaching and mortality exceeded prior efforts in detail and extent, and provided a new standard for documenting the effects of bleaching and for testing nowcast and forecast products. Collaborators from 22 countries undertook the most comprehensive documentation of basin-scale bleaching to date and found that over 80% of corals bleached and over 40% died at many sites. The most severe bleaching coincided with waters nearest a western Atlantic warm pool that was centered off the northern end of the Lesser Antilles. Thermal stress during the 2005 event exceeded any observed from the Caribbean in the prior 20 years, and regionally-averaged temperatures were the warmest in over 150 years. Comparison of satellite data against field surveys demonstrated a significant predictive relationship between accumulated heat stress (measured using NOAA Coral Reef Watch's Degree Heating Weeks) and bleaching intensity. This severe, widespread bleaching and mortality will undoubtedly have long-term consequences for reef ecosystems and suggests a troubled future for tropical marine ecosystems under a warming climate.
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影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Bruno, JF;Petes, LE;Hettinger, A
通讯作者：
Hettinger, A
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Berkelmans, R;De'ath, G;Skirving, WJ
通讯作者：
Skirving, WJ
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0600693103
发表时间：
2006-05-30
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Graham, NAJ;Wilson, SK;Robinson, J
通讯作者：
Robinson, J
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Brandt, Marilyn E.;McManus, John W.
通讯作者：
McManus, John W.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
COLES, SL;JOKIEL, PL
通讯作者：
JOKIEL, PL