Thermodynamics of silica depolymerization with alcohols

Thermodynamics of silica depolymerization with alcohols
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二氧化硅与醇解聚的热力学

DOI:
10.1016/j.poly.2020.114562
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Miller, Stephen A.
Miller, Stephen A.
中科院分区:
化学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Torgunrud, Jordan L.;Faria, Alejandro J.;Miller, Stephen A.

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实验和计算结果描述了二氧化硅(聚合二氧化硅)与醇解聚的前景。Si-O-Si链段的共振能计算为8.0千卡/摩尔,或SiO_2的16.0千卡/摩尔,解释了二氧化硅的热力学稳定性。硅(OMe)4与二元醇之间的酸催化烷基正硅酸盐歧化反应表明,硅对二元醇具有较好的热力学优势,因为它具有良好的熵络合作用。乙二醇制得Si(OCH2CH2O)2的转化率为74.6%,1,3-丙二醇转化率为66.2%。Si(OR)4物种的热稳定性与两个主要因素有关:(1)O-Si-O键角,其压缩力常数kΘ-comp=0.0.0315(千卡/摩尔)(°)-2,膨胀力常数kΘ-exp=0.0.0167(千卡/摩尔)(°)-2;(2)模型化合物Si(OMe)4中→与Si-Oσ*的反常相互作用达到3.5千卡/摩尔所决定的C-O-Si-O二面角。计算表明,在99℃以上的水中,硅胶与甲醇的解聚不发生,而与1,3-丙二醇的解聚反应发生。
Experimental and computational results describe the outlook for silica (polymeric SiO2) depolymerization with alcohols. The resonance energy of the Si-O-Si segment, calculated as 8.0 kcal/mol, or 16.0 kcal/mol of SiO2, explains the thermodynamic stability of silica. Acid-catalyzed alkylorthosilicate metathesis reactions between Si(OMe)4and diols indicate silicon’s thermodynamic preference for diols because of favorable entropic chelation. Conversion to Si(OCH2CH2O)2with ethylene glycol is 74.6% and conversion to Si(OCH2CH2CH2O)2with 1,3-propanediol is 66.2%. The enthalpic stability of Si(OR)4species correlates to two main factors: (1) the O-Si-O bond angle, with a compression force constant of kΘ-comp= 0.0315 (kcal/mol)(°)–2and expansion force constant of kΘ-exp= 0.0167 (kcal/mol)(°)–2; and (2) the C-O-Si-O dihedral angle, dictated by stabilizing On→ Si-O σ* anomeric interactions of 3.5 kcal/mol in the model compound Si(OMe)4. Computationally, silica depolymerization with methanol is never exergonic, but depolymerization with 1,3-propanediol, forming Si(OCH2CH2CH2O)2and two equivalents of water, is exergonic above 99°C in water.
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