No cytotoxicity or genotoxicity of graphene and graphene oxide in murine lung epithelial FE1 cells in vitro.
No cytotoxicity or genotoxicity of graphene and graphene oxide in murine lung epithelial FE1 cells in vitro.
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DOI：
10.1002/em.22017
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发表时间：
2016-07
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Vogel, Ulla
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bengtson, Stefan;Kling, Kirsten;Madsen, Anne Mette;Noergaard, Asger W.;Jacobsen, Nicklas Raun;Clausen, Per Axel;Alonso, Beatriz;Pesquera, Amaia;Zurutuza, Amaia;Ramos, Raphael;Okuno, Hanako;Dijon, Jean;Wallin, Hakan;Vogel, Ulla
石墨烯和氧化石墨烯近年来备受关注，因为它们为广泛的应用和产品增添了诱人的性能。一些研究已经证明了其他碳基纳米材料（如炭黑纳米颗粒和碳纳米管）在体外和体内的毒理学效应。在这里，我们深入报道了三种商业石墨烯材料，一种氧化石墨烯（GO）和两种还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）的物理化学特性，并评估了小鼠肺上皮细胞系FE1的细胞毒性和遗传毒性。所研究的氧化石墨烯和还原氧化石墨烯主要由2-3层石墨烯组成，横向尺寸为1-2µm。氧化石墨烯的C、O和H含量几乎相等，而两种还原氧化石墨烯材料的氧含量较低，C/O和C/H的比值分别为8和12.8。所有材料的内毒素含量都很低，无机杂质含量也很低，主要是硫、锰和硅。氧化石墨烯比两种氧化石墨烯材料产生更多的活性氧，但在24小时后，就细胞活力和细胞增殖而言，石墨烯材料都没有影响细胞毒性。此外，在暴露3或24小时后，使用碱性彗星试验未观察到遗传毒性。我们证明，化学纯度高、层数少、横向尺寸相当的氧化石墨烯和氧化石墨烯在相对高剂量（5-200µg/ml）下不会对FE1细胞产生显著的细胞毒性或遗传毒性。环绕。中国生物医学工程学报，2016,37(2):469 - 482。©2016作者。环境与分子诱变出版于Wiley期刊公司。
Graphene and graphene oxide receive much attention these years, because they add attractive properties to a wide range of applications and products. Several studies have shown toxicological effects of other carbon‐based nanomaterials such as carbon black nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes in vitro and in vivo. Here, we report in‐depth physicochemical characterization of three commercial graphene materials, one graphene oxide (GO) and two reduced graphene oxides (rGO) and assess cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in the murine lung epithelial cell line FE1. The studied GO and rGO mainly consisted of 2–3 graphene layers with lateral sizes of 1–2 µm. GO had almost equimolar content of C, O, and H while the two rGO materials had lower contents of oxygen with C/O and C/H ratios of 8 and 12.8, respectively. All materials had low levels of endotoxin and low levels of inorganic impurities, which were mainly sulphur, manganese, and silicon. GO generated more ROS than the two rGO materials, but none of the graphene materials influenced cytotoxicity in terms of cell viability and cell proliferation after 24 hr. Furthermore, no genotoxicity was observed using the alkaline comet assay following 3 or 24 hr of exposure. We demonstrate that chemically pure, few‐layered GO and rGO with comparable lateral size (> 1 µm) do not induce significant cytotoxicity or genotoxicity in FE1 cells at relatively high doses (5–200 µg/ml). Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 57:469–482, 2016. © 2016 The Authors. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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