General Characteristics and Important Model Organisms
General Characteristics and Important Model Organisms
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一般特征和重要模式生物
DOI：
10.1128/9781555815516.ch2
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
A. Kletzin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Kletzin
本章概述了古生菌及其形态、生理、生化和分子特性。它介绍了用于研究古细菌生物学基本特性和原理的模式生物和系统，以及那些用于理解更复杂的真核细胞生物学的模型。本章描述了古生菌的系统发育和生命的起源，并概述了古生菌细胞的特性。而不是一种模式生物，广泛的古细菌已被证明对研究形态学，生理学，适应分子机制等有用。这些细菌包括热自养型产甲烷菌、马尔布尔产甲烷菌和产甲烷菌；蛋白质水解用热原体；盐杆菌用于光驱动质子易位、基因调控、趋化和囊泡合成；古舌藻用于硫酸盐还原；无机硫代谢的热球菌和矛盾酸球菌；磺胺虫、双歧杆菌、焦球菌和电子传递链产甲烷菌；硫球菌和焦球菌用于DNA复制和转录；盐杆菌、盐环菌和磺胺菌进行翻译。本章还根据其生态学和分子相似性描述了主要古细菌分类群的特性。一些关键生物的重要特征也包括在本章中。barkeri、M. mazei和M. actitivorans是研究最多的产甲烷菌，是研究丙酮裂解产甲烷、转录和伴侣蛋白的重要模式生物。
This chapter provides an overview of the Archaea and some of their morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular properties. It introduces model organisms and systems that have been used to study fundamental properties and principles of archaeal biology, in addition to those that have served as models for understanding the biology of more complex eucaryal cells. The chapter describes phylogeny of Archaea and the origin of life, and gives an overview of the characteristic properties of archaeal cells. Rather than one model organism, a broad range of archaea have proven useful for studying morphology, physiology, molecular mechanisms of adaptation, and so forth. These include Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus, M. marburgensis, and Methanosarcina spp. for methanogenesis; Thermoplasma for proteolysis; Halobacterium for light-driven proton translocation, gene regulation, chemotaxis, and gas vesicles synthesis; Archaeoglobus for sulfate reduction; Pyrococcus and Acidianus ambivalens for inorganic sulfur metabolism; Sulfolobus, A. ambivalens, Pyrococcus, and the methanogens for electron transport chains; Sulfolobus and Pyrococcus for DNA replication and transcription; Halobacterium, Haloarcula, and Sulfolobus for translation. The chapter also describes the properties of major archaeal taxa according to their ecology and molecular similarity. Important characteristics of some of the key organisms are also included in this chapter. Methanosarcina barkeri, M. mazei, and M. acetivorans are the most well studied methanogens and are important model organisms for studies on acetoclastic methanogenesis, transcription, and chaperonins.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0308766101
发表时间：
2004-04-20
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Lepp, PW;Brinig, MM;Relman, DA
通讯作者：
Relman, DA
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Slupska, MM;King, AG;Miller, JH
通讯作者：
Miller, JH
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Béjà, O;Aravind, L;DeLong, EF
通讯作者：
DeLong, EF
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0507651102
发表时间：
2005-10-25
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Lee, SY;Lee, A;MacKinnon, R
通讯作者：
MacKinnon, R
A-、F- 和 V-ATP 酶的结构-功能关系。
DOI：
10.1242/jeb.204.15.2597
发表时间：
2001
期刊：
The Journal of experimental biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Grüber,G;Wieczorek,H;Harvey,WR;Müller,V
通讯作者：
Müller,V