Abuse potential and toxicity of the synthetic cathinones (i.e., "Bath salts").
Abuse potential and toxicity of the synthetic cathinones (i.e., "Bath salts").
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.07.015
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发表时间：
2020-03
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Hall FS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Riley AL;Nelson KH;To P;López-Arnau R;Xu P;Wang D;Wang Y;Shen HW;Kuhn DM;Angoa-Perez M;Anneken JH;Muskiewicz D;Hall FS
合成卡西酮衍生自在阿拉伯茶植物（Catha edulis）中发现的天然药物卡西酮，其化学结构和神经化学后果与其他精神兴奋剂相似。这类新的精神活性物质也有可能被使用和滥用，并可能产生一系列不良影响，包括神经毒性和致命性。这篇评论提供了一个一般的背景合成卡西酮的动机和模式和人口统计学的使用，以及行为和生理的影响，导致他们的传播滥用物质和随之而来的监管控制。这一背景之后是审查，重点是在各种临床前动物模型中评估的奖励和厌恶效应，以及这些效应对自我给药的贡献（涉及其使用和滥用潜力）。审查最后概述了合成卡西酮的使用和滥用可能产生的神经毒性和致命性的后果。这些特征在其他经典精神兴奋剂的背景下进行了讨论。
The synthetic cathinones are derived from the naturally occurring drug cathinone found in the khat plant (Catha edulis) and have chemical structures and neurochemical consequences similar to other psychostimulants. This class of new psychoactive substances (NPS) also has potential for use and abuse coupled with a range of possible adverse effects including neurotoxicity and lethality. This review provides a general background of the synthetic cathinones in terms of the motivation for and patterns and demographics of their use as well as the behavioral and physiological effects that led to their spread as abused substances and consequent regulatory control. This background is followed by a review focusing on their rewarding and aversive effects as assessed in various preclinical animal models and the contribution of these effects to their self-administration (implicating their use and abuse potential). The review closes with an overview of the consequences of synthetic cathinone use and abuse in terms of their potential to produce neurotoxicity and lethality. These characterizations are discussed in the context of other classical psychostimulants.
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
BALSTER, RL;LUKAS, SE
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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