Thermodynamic uncertainty relations for coherently driven open quantum systems

Thermodynamic uncertainty relations for coherently driven open quantum systems
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相干驱动的开放量子系统的热力学不确定性关系

DOI:
10.1088/1751-8121/ac0c8f
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
Mathematical and Theoretical
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Menczel P
Menczel P
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Menczel P

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在经典马尔可夫跳变过程中,减小电流波动的代价是耗散的增加。为了探讨量子效应如何影响这种权衡,我们分析了马尔可夫开放量子系统中稳态电流的不确定性。我们首先考虑三个有指导意义的例子,然后系统地最小化小型开放量子系统的不确定性和熵产生的乘积。作为我们的主要结果,我们发现减少波动的热力学成本可以通过相干性降低到经典边界以下。我们推测,在具有足够多自由度的量子系统中,这个代价可以任意小。因此,我们的结果为设计具有高热力学精度的量子状态下的热机提供了一般指导,这意味着低耗散和平均值附近的小波动。
In classical Markov jump processes, current fluctuations can only be reduced at the cost of increased dissipation. To explore how quantum effects influence this trade-off, we analyze the uncertainty of steady-state currents in Markovian open quantum systems. We first consider three instructive examples and then systematically minimize the product of uncertainty and entropy production for small open quantum systems. As our main result, we find that the thermodynamic cost of reducing fluctuations can be lowered below the classical bound by coherence. We conjecture that this cost can be made arbitrarily small in quantum systems with sufficiently many degrees of freedom. Our results thereby provide a general guideline for the design of thermal machines in the quantum regime that operate with high thermodynamic precision, meaning low dissipation and small fluctuations around average values.
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影响因子: 3.3
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