A practical guide to male hypogonadism in the primary care setting.
A practical guide to male hypogonadism in the primary care setting.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1742-1241.2010.02355.x
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发表时间：
2010-05
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Rosenberg MT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dandona P;Rosenberg MT
在老年男性人口中，性腺功能减退症的发病率很高，预计老年男性在人口中的比例今后还会上升。由于性腺功能减退症随着年龄的增长而增加，并且与各种合并症如肥胖症、2型糖尿病、高血压、骨质疏松症和代谢综合征显著相关，因此医生越来越有可能在临床上治疗性腺功能减退症。性腺功能减退症的主要症状是性欲减退/勃起功能障碍、肌肉质量和力量减少、肥胖增加、骨质疏松症/低骨量、情绪低落和疲劳。诊断条件需要存在低血清睾酮水平和性腺功能减退症状的存在。有许多可用于睾酮治疗的制剂，包括肌内注射、透皮贴剂、透皮凝胶、口腔贴剂和皮下丸剂。这些都是有效的建立正常的睾酮水平的血液和缓解症状。睾酮水平恢复到正常范围可改善性欲、性功能和情绪;减少脂肪体重;增加瘦体重;并改善骨密度。前列腺癌或良性前列腺增生受试者禁用替吉奥治疗，许多医生认为治疗风险较高。然而，这些风险往往被夸大，不应超过睾酮治疗的好处。
There is a high prevalence of hypogonadism in the older adult male population and the proportion of older men in the population is projected to rise in the future. As hypogonadism increases with age and is significantly associated with various comorbidities such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, osteoporosis and metabolic syndrome, the physician is increasingly likely to have to treat hypogonadism in the clinic. The main symptoms of hypogonadism are reduced libido/erectile dysfunction, reduced muscle mass and strength, increased adiposity, osteoporosis/low bone mass, depressed mood and fatigue. Diagnosis of the condition requires the presence of low serum testosterone levels and the presence of hypogonadal symptoms. There are a number of formulations available for testosterone therapy including intramuscular injections, transdermal patches, transdermal gels, buccal patches and subcutaneous pellets. These are efficacious in establishing eugonadal testosterone levels in the blood and relieving symptoms. Restoration of testosterone levels to the normal range improves libido, sexual function, and mood; reduces fat body mass; increases lean body mass; and improves bone mineral density. Testosterone treatment is contraindicated in subjects with prostate cancer or benign prostate hyperplasia and risks of treatment are perceived to be high by many physicians. These risks, however, are often exaggerated and should not outweigh the benefits of testosterone treatment.
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影响因子：
24.3
作者：
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