The need to shift to a contextualized and collective mental health paradigm: learning from crisis-hit Lebanon.

The need to shift to a contextualized and collective mental health paradigm: learning from crisis-hit Lebanon.
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DOI:
10.1017/gmh.2020.20
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Global mental health (Cambridge, England)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Bosqui T
Bosqui T
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bosqui T

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国家和国际危机和灾害对人口心理健康的影响已经得到了很好的证实,在战争和武装冲突期间(Charlson等人,2019),政治不稳定和反政府抗议(Kai Hou等人,2015),自然灾害(Makwana, 2019),经济危机(Bartoll等人,2013),大规模流离失所(Morina等人,2018),以及更广泛地与不平等联系在一起,记录了较差的心理健康和较高的精神障碍发病率。贫困和社会不公(Lund et al., 2010)。在2019冠状病毒病大流行之后,心理健康已被强调为应对危机影响的全球优先事项,封锁造成的损失、失业、家庭暴力增加以及社会支持降低影响了受影响人群的福祉和功能(Holmes等人,2020年;难民署,2020a;世卫组织,2020年)。研究表明,这种危机,特别是慢性危机,会产生超出个人经验的影响,影响家庭、社区和更广泛的社会结构和社会政治制度的运作(Sousa, 2013; Somasundaram, 2014)。尽管在制定和实施应对危机和紧急情况的干预措施方面取得了重大进展,但在充分考虑这种集体痛苦的公共精神卫生应对措施的证据基础方面仍存在重大差距。
The impact of national and international crises and disasters on population mental health has been well established, with poorer mental health and a higher incidence of mental disorders documented during war and armed conflict (Charlson et al., 2019), political instability and anti-government protests (Kai Hou et al., 2015), natural disasters (Makwana, 2019), economic crises (Bartoll et al., 2013), mass displacement (Morina et al., 2018), and linked more broadly to inequality, poverty and social injustices (Lund et al., 2010). Following the COVID-19 pandemic, mental health has been highlighted as a global priority in response to the fallout of the crisis, with the toll of lockdown, loss of jobs, increase in domestic violence, and lower social support impacting the wellbeing and functioning of affected populations (Holmes et al., 2020; UNHCR, 2020a; WHO, 2020). Research has shown that such crises, particularly when chronic, have an impact beyond the experience of the individual, affecting the functioning of families, communities, and wider social structures and socio-political systems (Sousa, 2013; Somasundaram, 2014). Despite major advances in the development and implementation of interventions in responding to crises and emergencies, there remain significant gaps in the evidence-base for public mental health responses that are sufficiently contextualized to this collective suffering.
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