Optical emission from microwave activated C/H/O gas mixtures for diamond chemical vapor deposition.

Optical emission from microwave activated C/H/O gas mixtures for diamond chemical vapor deposition.
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用于金刚石化学气相沉积的微波激活 C/H/O 气体混合物的光发射。

DOI:
10.1021/jp306191y
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
The journal of physical chemistry. A
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Richley JC
Richley JC
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Richley JC

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采用发射光谱(OES)研究了微波等离子体增强化学气相沉积(CVD)金刚石工艺条件下,微波(MW)激活的CH 4/CO2/H2和CO/H2混合气体中H原子、OH、CH、C2和C3自由基以及CO分子的空间分布和相对丰度(气体混合比,入射MW功率和压力),并通过参考广泛的二维等离子体建模合理化。OES测量清楚地揭示了在从富氧到富碳源气体混合物变化时发生的等离子体化学和组成的切换,补充了在相同等离子体条件下的空间分辨吸收测量(Kelly等人,companion article). OES数据的解释通常假设电子碰撞激发(EIE)是形成感兴趣的发射物质的主要途径。本研究确定了一些因素,复杂的使用OES监测C/H/O等离子体。基态OH(X)自由基EIE的OH* 发射可以通过亚稳态CO(α 3)分子的激发能量转移得到增强。CH* 和C2* 发射可以通过例如C2 H基团和O原子或C原子和CH基团之间的发光反应来增强。另外,这些自由基物质中的每一种的EIE效率敏感地取决于最大自由基和电子密度的区域之间的任何空间失配,其本身是工艺气体混合物中的元素C/O比(特别是当接近1:1时,如金刚石生长所需)和H2摩尔分数的敏感函数。
The spatial distributions and relative abundances of electronically excited H atoms, OH, CH, C2and C3radicals, and CO molecules in microwave (MW) activated CH4/CO2/H2and CO/H2gas mixtures operating under conditions appropriate for diamond growth by MW plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (CVD) have been investigated by optical emission spectroscopy (OES) as a function of process conditions (gas mixing ratio, incident MW power, and pressure) and rationalized by reference to extensive 2-dimensional plasma modeling. The OES measurements clearly reveal the switch in plasma chemistry and composition that occurs upon changing from oxygen-rich to carbon-rich source gas mixtures, complementing spatially resolved absorption measurements under identical plasma conditions (Kelly et al., companion article). Interpretation of OES data typically assumes that electron impact excitation (EIE) is the dominant route to forming the emitting species of interest. The present study identifies a number of factors that complicate the use of OES for monitoring C/H/O plasmas. The OH* emission from EIE of ground state OH(X) radicals can be enhanced by excitation energy transfer from metastable CO(a3Π) molecules. The CH* and C2* emissions can be boosted by chemiluminescent reactions between, for example, C2H radicals and O atoms, or C atoms and CH radicals. Additionally, the EIE efficiency of each of these radical species is sensitively dependent on any spatial mismatch between the regions of maximal radical and electron density, which itself is a sensitive function of elemental C/O ratio in the process gas mixture (particularly when close to 1:1, as required for diamond growth) and the H2mole fraction.
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