Comparing Public Perceptions of the Necessities of Life across Two Societies: Japan and the United Kingdom

Comparing Public Perceptions of the Necessities of Life across Two Societies: Japan and the United Kingdom
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比较日本和英国两个社会公众对生活必需品的看法

DOI:
10.1017/s1474746413000420
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
1.5
通讯作者:
Abe A
Abe A
中科院分区:
法学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Abe A

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确定什么是“需要”,是对贫穷进行实证调查的一个长期传统。乔安娜·麦克(Joanna Mack)和斯图尔特·兰斯利(Stewart Lansley)(1985)在他们开创性的《贫穷的英国》研究中,发展了“自愿”或“社会感知的剥夺”方法。这是在确定生活必需品时征求普通人(而不是学者或专业专家)的意见。他们的方法随后为英国进一步的贫困调查以及欧洲、澳大拉西亚、非洲和亚洲其他国家的研究提供了基础。尽管这种国际扩散,比较分析审查不同社会和文化的需要的公众看法仍然很少。本文介绍了第一次日本-英国比较研究的结果,该研究基于Mack和Lansley的方法进行的全国代表性调查。它比较了两个社会的生活必需品,检查差异以及共同的社会感知的需求,并探讨了两种可能的解释占的变化find. In这样做,文章试图促进国际辩论公众对生活必需品的态度。
Establishing what constitutes ‘need’ has been a long-standing tradition in empirical investigations of poverty. In their pioneering Poor Britain study, Joanna Mack and Stewart Lansley (1985) developed the ‘consensual’ or ‘socially perceived deprivation’ approach. This sought the views of ordinary people (as opposed to academics or professional experts) in determining the necessities of life. Their approach subsequently provided the basis for further UK poverty surveys, as well as studies in other counties in Europe, Australasia, Africa and Asia. Despite this international proliferation, comparative analyses examining public perceptions of need across different societies and cultures remain sparse. This article presents findings from the first Japanese–UK comparative study based on nationally representative surveys informed by Mack and Lansley's approach. It compares the necessities of life in the two societies, examining differences as well as common socially perceived needs, and explores two possible explanations accounting for the variations found. In doing this, the article seeks to contribute to international debates on public attitudes towards the necessities of life.
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