Virgin Beta Cells Persist throughout Life at a Neogenic Niche within Pancreatic Islets.

Virgin Beta Cells Persist throughout Life at a Neogenic Niche within Pancreatic Islets.
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维珍β细胞在胰岛中的新生态裂市场中持续存在。

DOI:
10.1016/j.cmet.2017.03.017
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发表时间:
2017-04-04
期刊:
影响因子:
29
通讯作者:
Huising MO
Huising MO
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
van der Meulen T;Mawla AM;DiGruccio MR;Adams MW;Nies V;Dólleman S;Liu S;Ackermann AM;Cáceres E;Hunter AE;Kaestner KH;Donaldson CJ;Huising MO

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胰腺辟田胞的出生后维持或再生被认为仅通过现有辟田胞的复制发生,但从未实现通过增殖的人辟田胞群的临床上有意义的恢复。我们发现了一群未成熟的β细胞,它们存在于整个生命过程中,并在胰岛外周的特殊微环境或“新生生态位”中由非β前体形成。这些细胞表达胰岛素,但缺乏其他关键的β细胞标志物,在转录上不成熟,不能感知葡萄糖,也不能支持钙内流。它们构成了α细胞转分化为与常规β细胞功能上无法区分的细胞的中间阶段。因此,我们在健康胰岛内的一个专门位点确定了新β细胞的终身来源。通过比较健康胰岛内共存的未成熟和成熟β细胞,我们可以了解如何将胰岛素表达细胞成熟为功能性β细胞。
Postnatal maintenance or regeneration of pancreatic beta cells is considered to occur exclusively via the replication of existing beta cells, but clinically meaningful restoration of human beta cell mass by proliferation has never been achieved. We discovered a population of immature beta cells that is present throughout life and forms from non-beta precursors at a specialized micro-environment or ‘neogenic niche’ at the islet periphery. These cells express insulin, but lack other key beta cell markers, are transcriptionally immature, incapable of sensing glucose and unable to support calcium influx. They constitute an intermediate stage in the transdifferentiation of alpha cells to cells that are functionally indistinguishable from conventional beta cells. We thus identified a lifelong source of new beta cells at a specialized site within healthy islets. By comparing co-existing immature and mature beta cells within healthy islets we stand to learn how to mature insulin-expressing cells into functional beta cells.
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