Distinct neural substrates of individual differences in components of reading comprehension in adults with or without dyslexia.
Distinct neural substrates of individual differences in components of reading comprehension in adults with or without dyslexia.
复制标题
有或没有阅读障碍的成年人阅读理解成分个体差异的独特神经基础。
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117570
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发表时间：
2021-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Gabrieli J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ozernov-Palchik O;Centanni TM;Beach SD;May S;Hogan T;Gabrieli J
阅读理解是一项复杂的任务，它依赖于多种认知和语言过程。根据更新后的阅读框架的简单视图，在成年人中，阅读理解的个体差异可以在很大程度上由三个组成能力的组合差异来解释：（1）解码准确性，（2）流畅性，和（3）语言理解。在这里，我们问是否有阅读障碍的成年人与典型的阅读成年人相比，这三个组成部分的神经相关性是不同的，这些相关性的相对贡献是否阅读理解是相似的，在两组。我们采用了一种新的自然主义的功能磁共振阅读任务，以确定在三个组成部分的个体差异的神经相关使用全脑和文献驱动的区域的利益的方法。在所有的参与者中，预测的简单视图框架，我们发现了不同的模式的协会与语言和域一般区域的三个组成部分，和左半球的神经相关的语言理解的角和后颞回作出了最大的贡献，解释了扫描仪外的阅读理解性能。这两个群体之间的模式不同。在典型的成年读者中，更好的流畅性与左枕颞区的更大激活相关，更好的理解与前额叶和后顶叶区的较少激活相关，与解码没有显著关联。在患有阅读障碍的成年人中，更好的流畅性与双侧下顶叶区域的更大激活相关，更好的理解与某些前额叶簇的更大激活相关，而另一些则较低，更好的解码技能与双侧前额叶和后顶叶区域的较少激活相关。扩展技能水平差异的三个组成部分的相对贡献阅读理解的行为研究结果，相对贡献的神经相关阅读理解不同的阅读障碍状态的基础上。这些发现揭示了这三个成分的个体差异的神经相关性以及成人阅读障碍阅读理解缺陷的潜在机制。
Reading comprehension is a complex task that depends on multiple cognitive and linguistic processes. According to the updated Simple View of Reading framework, in adults, individual variation in reading comprehension can be largely explained by combined variance in three component abilities: (1) decoding accuracy, (2) fluency, and (3) language comprehension. Here we asked whether the neural correlates of the three components are different in adults with dyslexia as compared to typically-reading adults and whether the relative contribution of these correlates to reading comprehension is similar in the two groups. We employed a novel naturalistic fMRI reading task to identify the neural correlates of individual differences in the three components using whole-brain and literature-driven regions-of-interest approaches. Across all participants, as predicted by the simple view framework, we found distinct patterns of associations with linguistic and domain-general regions for the three components, and that the left-hemispheric neural correlates of language comprehension in the angular and posterior temporal gyri made the largest contributions to explaining out-of-scanner reading comprehension performance. These patterns differed between the two groups. In typical adult readers, better fluency was associated with greater activation of left occipitotemporal regions, better comprehension with lesser activation in prefrontal and posterior parietal regions, and there were no significant associations with decoding. In adults with dyslexia, better fluency was associated with greater activation of bilateral inferior parietal regions, better comprehension was associated with greater activation in some prefrontal clusters and lower in others, and better decoding skills were associated with lesser activation of bilateral prefrontal and posterior parietal regions. Extending the behavioral findings of skill-level differences in the relative contribution of the three components to reading comprehension, the relative contributions of the neural correlates to reading comprehension differed based on dyslexia status. These findings reveal some of the neural correlates of individual differences in the three components and the underlying mechanisms of reading comprehension deficits in adults with dyslexia.
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