A novel lineage of proteobacteria involved in formation of marine Fe-oxidizing microbial mat communities.
A novel lineage of proteobacteria involved in formation of marine Fe-oxidizing microbial mat communities.
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蛋白杆菌的一种新型谱系参与了海洋富氧化微生物垫群落的形成。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0000667
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发表时间：
2007-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Moyer, Craig L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Emerson, David;Rentz, Jeremy A.;Lilburn, Timothy G.;Davis, Richard E.;Aldrich, Henry;Chan, Clara;Moyer, Craig L.
几十年来，人们已经认识到，中性氧化铁细菌(FeOB)与与世界海洋中的海山有关的富含Fe(II)的流体的热液喷发有关。证据几乎完全基于微生物的矿物学遗迹，这些微生物本身既没有被带入培养，也没有被归入特定的系统发育支系。我们使用了培养和非培养技术来研究与海底火山洛伊希海山的热液喷发相关的富铁微生物垫。采用梯度富集法分离得到两株氧化铁菌PV-1和JV-1。在微氧条件下观察到化学营养生长，Fe(II)和Fe0是唯一支持生长的能量来源。这两个菌株都产生了由多个纳米尺寸的氢氧化铁纤维组成的丝状茎状结构。这与在铁垫中发现的矿物学结构一致。小亚基(SSU)rRNA基因的系统发育分析表明，菌株PV-1和JV-1是相同的，并形成了一个深植于变形杆菌的单系群。与栽培菌株的相似性最高(85.3%)的序列来自于海洋甲虫。对RecA和GyrB蛋白序列的系统发育分析证实，这些菌株与变形杆菌的其他成员有较远的亲缘关系。通过终端限制性片段(T-RF)图谱对SSU rRNA基因进行的非培养独立分析表明，该系统型在Loihi的不同时间和地点收集的各种微生物垫中最常见。根据系统发育和生理生化特征，认为分离株PV-1T( = ATCC BAA-1019：JCM 14766)代表一新属新种的模式菌株。Nov.，sp.11月此外，该菌株是广泛分布于深海环境中的一种新的变形杆菌属--念珠菌ζ(Zeta)-变形杆菌CL的第一个培养代表。11月
For decades it has been recognized that neutrophilic Fe-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) are associated with hydrothermal venting of Fe(II)-rich fluids associated with seamounts in the world's oceans. The evidence was based almost entirely on the mineralogical remains of the microbes, which themselves had neither been brought into culture or been assigned to a specific phylogenetic clade. We have used both cultivation and cultivation-independent techniques to study Fe-rich microbial mats associated with hydrothermal venting at Loihi Seamount, a submarine volcano. Using gradient enrichment techniques, two iron-oxidizing bacteria, strains PV-1 and JV-1, were isolated. Chemolithotrophic growth was observed under microaerobic conditions; Fe(II) and Fe0 were the only energy sources that supported growth. Both strains produced filamentous stalk-like structures composed of multiple nanometer sized fibrils of Fe-oxyhydroxide. These were consistent with mineralogical structures found in the iron mats. Phylogenetic analysis of the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene demonstrated that strains PV-1 and JV-1 were identical and formed a monophyletic group deeply rooted within the Proteobacteria. The most similar sequence (85.3% similarity) from a cultivated isolate came from Methylophaga marina. Phylogenetic analysis of the RecA and GyrB protein sequences confirmed that these strains are distantly related to other members of the Proteobacteria. A cultivation-independent analysis of the SSU rRNA gene by terminal-restriction fragment (T-RF) profiling showed that this phylotype was most common in a variety of microbial mats collected at different times and locations at Loihi. On the basis of phylogenetic and physiological data, it is proposed that isolate PV-1T ( = ATCC BAA-1019: JCM 14766) represents the type strain of a novel species in a new genus, Mariprofundus ferrooxydans gen. nov., sp. nov. Furthermore, the strain is the first cultured representative of a new candidatus class of the Proteobacteria that is widely distributed in deep-sea environments, Candidatus ζ (zeta)-Proteobacteria cl. nov.
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