mtDNA data indicate a single origin for dogs south of Yangtze River, less than 16,300 years ago, from numerous wolves.
mtDNA data indicate a single origin for dogs south of Yangtze River, less than 16,300 years ago, from numerous wolves.
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DOI：
10.1093/molbev/msp195
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发表时间：
2009-12
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
Savolainen P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pang JF;Kluetsch C;Zou XJ;Zhang AB;Luo LY;Angleby H;Ardalan A;Ekström C;Sköllermo A;Lundeberg J;Matsumura S;Leitner T;Zhang YP;Savolainen P
关于家犬起源于何时、何地以及如何起源，目前还没有一个普遍接受的说法。以往的线粒体DNA（mtDNA）的研究，未能建立的时间和精确的起源地，因为缺乏系统发育分辨率，到目前为止研究的控制区（CR），和不充分的采样。因此，我们分析了169只狗的整个线粒体基因组，以获得最大的系统发育分辨率，并分析了旧世界1,543只狗的CR，以全面了解地理多样性。因此，可以第一次详细描述狗的起源。我们获得了狗在时间和空间上具有单一起源的证据，以及对起源时间、创始人数量和大致区域的估计，这也为所涉及的人类文化提供了潜在的线索。分析表明，狗普遍共享一个共同的同质基因库，包含10个主要单倍型群。然而，全方位的遗传多样性，所有10个单倍型群，只发现在东南亚长江以南，和多样性下降的梯度横跨欧亚大陆，通过7个单倍型群在中国中部和5个在中国北部和西南（SW）亚洲，下降到只有4个单倍型群在欧洲。与祖先单倍型的平均序列距离表明5，400 - 16，300年前（ya）来自至少51名雌性狼创始人。这些结果表明，家犬起源于我国南方不到16,300雅，来自于几百匹狼。地点和时间与水稻农业的起源大致吻合，这表明狗可能起源于定居的狩猎采集者或早期农民，众多的创始人表明，狼驯服是一个重要的文化特征。
There is no generally accepted picture of where, when, and how the domestic dog originated. Previous studies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have failed to establish the time and precise place of origin because of lack of phylogenetic resolution in the so far studied control region (CR), and inadequate sampling. We therefore analyzed entire mitochondrial genomes for 169 dogs to obtain maximal phylogenetic resolution and the CR for 1,543 dogs across the Old World for a comprehensive picture of geographical diversity. Hereby, a detailed picture of the origins of the dog can for the first time be suggested. We obtained evidence that the dog has a single origin in time and space and an estimation of the time of origin, number of founders, and approximate region, which also gives potential clues about the human culture involved. The analyses showed that dogs universally share a common homogenous gene pool containing 10 major haplogroups. However, the full range of genetic diversity, all 10 haplogroups, was found only in southeastern Asia south of Yangtze River, and diversity decreased following a gradient across Eurasia, through seven haplogroups in Central China and five in North China and Southwest (SW)Asia, down to only four haplogroups in Europe. The mean sequence distance to ancestral haplotypes indicates an origin 5,400–16,300 years ago (ya) from at least 51 female wolf founders. These results indicate that the domestic dog originated in southern China less than 16,300 ya, from several hundred wolves. The place and time coincide approximately with the origin of rice agriculture, suggesting that the dogs may have originated among sedentary hunter-gatherers or early farmers, and the numerous founders indicate that wolf taming was an important culture trait.
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影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Angleby, H;Savolainen, P
通讯作者：
Savolainen, P
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
DAVIS, SJM;VALLA, FR
通讯作者：
VALLA, FR
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Korber, B;Muldoon, M;Bhattacharya, T
通讯作者：
Bhattacharya, T
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Excoffier, Laurent;Laval, Guillaume;Schneider, Stefan
通讯作者：
Schneider, Stefan
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Gray, Melissa M.;Granka, Julie M.;Wayne, Robert
通讯作者：
Wayne, Robert