Evaluating bacterial community structures in oil collected from the sea surface and sediment in the northern Gulf of Mexico after the deepwater horizon oil spill
Evaluating bacterial community structures in oil collected from the sea surface and sediment in the northern Gulf of Mexico after the deepwater horizon oil spill
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DOI：
10.1002/mbo3.117
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发表时间：
2013-08-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Liu, Jiqing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Zhanfei;Liu, Jiqing
使用不依赖培养的焦磷酸测序法对石油样品中的细菌群落结构进行了评估，包括在深水地平线石油泄漏期间在海面和盐沼中收集的油摩丝，以及泄漏后1年在井口附近沉积物中沉积的石油。系统发育分析表明，阿尔法变形杆菌中的红杆菌属、红球藻属、葡萄球菌属和海螺旋藻属是油摩丝的主要类群，这可能与墨西哥湾沃茨表层海水的高温和强辐照有关。在互花米草（Spartinaalterniflora）叶片上采集的慕斯中，γ-变形弧菌（VibrioofGammaproteobacteria）占总操作分类单位的57%，表明该土著属对盐沼中的石油污染特别敏感。石油污染沉积物中的细菌群落高度多样化。相对较高丰度的甲基球菌、甲基杆菌、放线菌、厚壁菌门和绿杆菌类似于在某些含有气体水合物的冷渗漏沉积物中发现的那些。石油污染沉积物上覆水中的细菌群落以降解小分子芳烃的β-变形菌属的罗尔斯通氏菌和降解纤维素的γ-变形菌属的噬菌体为主，表明石油污染沉积物对上覆水的影响可能是由于生物降解过程中产生的小分子芳烃和生物表面活性剂的溶解。总的来说，这些结果提供了关键信息，需要评估该地区的石油降解和制定未来的生物修复战略。
Bacterial community structures were evaluated in oil samples using culture‐independent pyrosequencing, including oil mousses collected on sea surface and salt marshes during theDeepwater Horizonoil spill, and oil deposited in sediments adjacent to the wellhead 1 year after the spill. Phylogenetic analysis suggested thatErythrobacter,Rhodovulum,Stappia,andThalassospiraofAlphaproteobacteriawere the prevailing groups in the oil mousses, which may relate to high temperatures and strong irradiance in surface Gulf waters. In the mousse collected from the leaves ofSpartina alterniflora,VibrioofGammaproteobacteriarepresented 57% of the total operational taxonomic units, suggesting that this indigenous genus is particularly responsive to the oil contamination in salt marshes. The bacterial communities in oil‐contaminated sediments were highly diversified. The relatively high abundance of theMethylococcus,Methylobacter,Actinobacteria,Firmicutes, andChlorofexibacteria resembles those found in certain cold‐seep sediments with gas hydrates. Bacterial communities in the overlying water of the oil‐contaminated sediment were dominated byRalstoniaofBetaproteobacteria, which can degrade small aromatics, andSaccharophagus degradansofGammaproteobacteria, a cellulose degrader, suggesting that overlying water was affected by the oil‐contaminated sediments, possibly due to the dissolution of small aromatics and biosurfactants produced during biodegradation. Overall, these results provided key information needed to evaluate oil degradation in the region and develop future bioremediation strategies.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Liu, Zhanfei;Liu, Jiqing
通讯作者：
Liu, Jiqing