Microtubule organizing centers regulate spindle positioning in mouse oocytes.
Microtubule organizing centers regulate spindle positioning in mouse oocytes.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.devcel.2021.12.011
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发表时间：
2022-01-24
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Balboula AZ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Londoño-Vásquez D;Rodriguez-Lukey K;Behura SK;Balboula AZ
在雌性减数分裂I （MI）过程中，纺锤体定位必须严格调控，以保证第一次不对称分裂的保真度和染色体分离的保真度。尽管f -肌动蛋白在调节这些关键过程中的作用已被广泛研究，但微管（MTs）是否参与调节这些过程却知之甚少。使用小鼠卵母细胞作为模型系统，我们描述了一个不直接参与纺锤体组装的MT组织中心子集，称为mcMTOCs。通过激光烧蚀、STED超分辨率显微镜和化学处理，我们发现在MI过程中需要mcmtoc来调节纺锤体定位和染色体分离。我们讨论了mcmtoc核的MTs如何平衡F-actin施加在纺锤体上的力，从而将纺锤体固定在中心并调节其及时迁移。我们的发现为不对称细胞分裂提供了一个模型，补充了目前基于f -actin的模型，并暗示mcMTOCs在调节纺锤体定位中起主要作用。无中心微管组织中心（MTOCs）以其在减数分裂纺锤体组装中的作用而闻名。Londoño-Vásquez等人发现细胞质MTOCs的一个子集（称为mcMTOCs）通过将纺锤体锚定在卵母细胞皮层来调节纺锤体定位。
During female meiosis I (MI), spindle positioning must be tightly regulated to ensure the fidelity of the first asymmetric division and faithful chromosome segregation. Although the role of F-actin in regulating these critical processes has been studied extensively, little is known whether microtubules (MTs) participate in regulating these processes. Using mouse oocytes as a model system, we characterize a subset of MT organizing centers that does not contribute directly to spindle assembly, termed mcMTOCs. Using laser ablation, STED super-resolution microscopy and chemical manipulation, we show that mcMTOCs are required to regulate spindle positioning and faithful chromosome segregation during MI. We discuss how forces exerted by F-actin on the spindle are balanced by mcMTOC-nucleated MTs to anchor the spindle centrally and to regulate its timely migration. Our findings provide a model for asymmetric cell division, complementing the current F-actin-based models, and implicate mcMTOCs as a major player in regulating spindle positioning. Acentriolar microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs) are known for their role in assembling the meiotic spindle. Londoño-Vásquez et al. discover that a subset of cytoplasmic MTOCs (termed mcMTOCs) regulates spindle positioning by anchoring the spindle to the oocyte cortex.
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