Organization of the entorhinal—hippocampal system: A review of current anatomical data
Organization of the entorhinal—hippocampal system: A review of current anatomical data
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内嗅海马系统的组织：当前解剖数据的回顾
DOI：
10.1002/hipo.1993.4500030707
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
M. Witter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Witter
虽然海马结构必须被视为“内侧颞叶记忆系统”的关键组成部分，但现在有令人信服的证据表明，它实际上并不长时间储存记忆（Zola-Morgan and Squire，1990; Squire and Zola-Morgan，1991）。记忆痕迹的储存库最有可能是在联合皮层的区域。因此可以推断，海马结构需要与这些皮质区域有相互联系。然而，内侧颞叶连接的显著特征是海马结构仅与内嗅皮质有主要的皮质连接，并且该皮质区而不是海马结构形成了许多多突触皮质-皮质网络的一部分。这主要通过其与海马旁皮质的相邻部分的相互连接来实现（Witter等人，1989年b）。一个重要的问题是，海马旁皮质海马结构是否被组织为一个拓扑系统的解剖学定义和限制的通道，选择性的属性传入的信息进行处理，并最终返回到联合皮质永久存储。一个众所周知的例子是Andersen及其同事在20世纪70年代早期提出的所谓的“海马组织的层状假说”（Andersen et al.，1971年）。他们提出海马结构由许多细胞结构和连接定型的横切片组成，这些横切片沿着纵轴堆叠，并作为独立的功能单位运作。Amaral和Witter（1989）总结的最近解剖学发现表明，海马结构可以更合理地被视为一个三维皮质系统，其中信息处理沿着纵轴和横轴进行。这并不排除，由于生理机制或网络的内在布线特性，可能会发生一个板层中神经元群体的特异性激活。本文就内鼻-海马系统的解剖学研究现状作一综述。虽然最详细的解剖学信息来自大鼠的研究，但其他物种（如猫和猴）的现有研究表明，这三个物种的组织结构相当相似。现有的证据表明，海马区可能确实存在解剖学上可以识别的特定通道，但与海马区的横切面相反，
Although the hippocampal formation must be regarded as a critical component of the “medial temporal lobe memory system,” there is now convincing evidence that it does not actually store memories for a long time (Zola-Morgan and Squire, 1990; Squire and Zola-Morgan, 1991). The repository of memory traces most probably is in the domain of the association cortex. It can thus be inferred that the hippocampal formation needs to have reciprocal connections with these cortical domains. However, the striking feature of the connectivity of the medial temporal lobe is that the hippocampal formation has its major cortical connections with the entorhinal cortex only, and that this cortical area, and not the hippocampal formation, forms part of numerous multisynaptic cortico-cortical networks. This is mainly achieved through its reciprocal connections with adjacent parts of the parahippocampal cortex (Witter et al., 1989b). An important issue is whether the parahippocampal cortex-hippocampal formation is organized as a topological system of anatomically defined and restricted channels by which selective attributes of incoming information are processed and eventually returned to the association cortex for permanent storage. A well-known example is the so-called “lamellar hypothesis of hippocampal organization” that was put forward by Andersen and colleagues in the early 1970s (Andersen et al., 1971). They proposed that the hippocampal formation comprises a number of cytoarchitectonically and connectionally stereotyped transverse slices stacked along the longitudinal axis and operating as independent functional units. Recent anatomical findings, summarized by Amaral and Witter (1989), indicate that the hippocampal formation can more reasonably be viewed as a three-dimensional cortical system in which the processing of information takes place along both longitudinal and transverse axes. This does not exclude that, as a result of physiological mechanisms or intrinsic wiring properties of the network, specific activation of neuronal populations in one lamella might occur. This article summarizes the current knowledge about the anatomy of the entorhinal-hippocampal system. Although the most detailed anatomical information is derived from studies in the rat, available studies in other species, such as the cat and monkey, point to a rather similar organization in all three species. The available evidence indicates that specific channels that can be identified anatomically may indeed be present in the hippocampal region, but in contrast to the transverse slices that figure in the
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
ZOLAMORGAN, SM;SQUIRE, LR
通讯作者：
SQUIRE, LR