Proposed mechanisms of action for prostate cancer vaccines.

Proposed mechanisms of action for prostate cancer vaccines.
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DOI:
10.1038/nrurol.2013.8
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发表时间:
2013-03
期刊:
Nature reviews. Urology
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其他
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前列腺癌(PCA)每年导致超过3.3万名美国男性死亡。一旦前列腺癌发生转移,就没有治愈的方法。世界各地的肿瘤学家越来越相信,需要探索化疗和根治性前列腺切除术的替代疗法。癌症疫苗(CaVacs)可以促进癌症患者自身的免疫系统产生肿瘤特异性的细胞毒T淋巴细胞介导的免疫攻击,临床试验中已经进行了研究,取得了温和但令人鼓舞的结果。在这里,我们来看看不同的前列腺癌CaVacs背后的原理,并提出可能对每种疫苗的疗效做出贡献的关键免疫事件。最后,我们预测,在充分考虑行动机制的情况下,未来可能需要进行哪些改进才能产生更有效的CaVacs。
Prostate cancer (PCa) is responsible for the deaths of more than 33,000 American men annually. Once PCa has become metastatic there is no curative treatment. Oncologists worldwide are becoming increasingly convinced that alternative therapies to chemotherapy and radical prostatectomy need to be explored. Cancer vaccines (CaVacs) that promote the cancer patient’s own immune system to develop a tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated immune attack have been investigated in clinical trials with modest yet encouraging results. Here we look at the rationale behind different prostate CaVacs and propose key immune events that are likely to contribute to the efficacy of each vaccine. Finally, we prognosticate upon what improvements may be required to generate more effective CaVacs in the future with full consideration of the mechanisms of action.
吸收到细胞载体的TLR4激动剂的肿瘤内给药可改善抗肿瘤反应。
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