Effects of dietary restriction on gut microbiota and CNS autoimmunity.

Effects of dietary restriction on gut microbiota and CNS autoimmunity.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.clim.2020.108575
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发表时间:
2022-03
期刊:
Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Piccio L
Piccio L
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cantoni C;Dorsett Y;Fontana L;Zhou Y;Piccio L

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多发性硬化症(MS)是最常见的中枢神经系统自身免疫性疾病。这是遗传和环境因素共同作用的结果。目前的观点是饮食可能在疾病的发生和发展中起致病作用。在多种模式生物中,无营养的饮食限制(DR)可显著改善健康并延长寿命。利用持续或间歇性食物限制的DR方案可以诱导抗炎、免疫调节和神经内分泌适应,促进健康。这些适应在MS主要动物模型,实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(EAE)中发挥神经保护作用。本文综述了目前关于耐药引起的肠道微生物组成和代谢物产生变化及其对潜在功能机制的影响的知识。研究表明DR方案对EAE和MS患者的保护作用也被提出。这是一个快速发展的研究领域,对个性化饮食干预预防和治疗多发性硬化症具有重要的临床意义。
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune disease. It is due to the interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Current opinion is that diet could play a pathogenic role in disease onset and development. Dietary restriction (DR) without malnutrition markedly improves health and increases lifespan in multiple model organisms. DR regimens that utilize continuous or intermittent food restriction can induce anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulatory and neuroendocrine adaptations promoting health. These adaptations exert neuroprotective effects in the main MS animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). This review summarizes the current knowledge on DR-induced changes in gut microbial composition and metabolite production and its impact on underlying functional mechanisms. Studies demonstrating the protective effects of DR regimens on EAE and people with MS, are also presented. This is a rapidly developing research field with important clinical implications for personalized dietary interventions in MS prevention and treatment.
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