Sacrificing reward to avoid threat: Characterizing PTSD in the context of a trauma-related approach-avoidance conflict task.
Sacrificing reward to avoid threat: Characterizing PTSD in the context of a trauma-related approach-avoidance conflict task.
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牺牲奖励以避免威胁：在与创伤相关的回避冲突任务的背景下描述创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）。
DOI：
10.1037/abn0000528
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Cisler,JoshM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weaver,ShelbyS;Kroska,EmilyB;Ross,MarisaC;Sartin-Tarm,Anneliis;Sellnow,KyrieA;Schaumberg,Katherine;Kiehl,KentA;Koenigs,Michael;Cisler,JoshM
创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的特征是高度回避、认知不灵活和奖赏加工受损。创伤后应激障碍的不良适应行为可能反映了接近和回避之间的不平衡，但还没有研究对创伤后应激障碍中的接近-回避冲突(AAC)进行研究。本研究使用创伤相关AAC(TrAAC)任务在两个独立样本中调查了创伤后应激障碍患者的接近回避行为。在研究1中，从社区招募了43名目前被诊断为创伤后应激障碍的女性和18名健康对照受试者。在研究2中，53名有创伤暴露和一系列创伤后应激障碍症状的女性从惩教机构招募。试验分为两个阶段：冲突(最有可能赢得分数的选项最有可能显示与创伤相关的图像)和一致(最有可能赢得分数的选项最不可能显示与创伤相关的图像)。在研究1中，在创伤后应激障碍患者中，奖赏获得随着任务操作的不同而不同(即，在冲突中获得的分数比一致阶段少)，而不是健康受试者。这些结果表明，当回避有利时(一致性阶段)，创伤后应激障碍个体表现出更高的任务绩效，而当回避不适应时(冲突阶段)，创伤后应激障碍个体表现出更多的奖赏牺牲。在研究2中，较高的创伤后应激障碍症状预示着冲突阶段奖励收入的减少，这再次表明，当回避不适应时，奖励就会牺牲。在这两项研究中，创伤后应激障碍与创伤相关刺激下AAC的增加和奖赏的牺牲有关。这些研究揭示了创伤后应激障碍中的AAC，并可能为更有针对性的治疗方法提供信息。(心理信息数据库记录(C)2022 APA，保留所有权利)
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by heightened avoidance, cognitive inflexibility, and impaired reward processing. Maladaptive behavior in PTSD may reflect an imbalance between approach and avoidance, but no research has investigated approach–avoidance conflict (AAC) in PTSD. The current study investigated approach–avoidance behavior in PTSD using a trauma-related AAC (trAAC) task in two independent samples. In Study 1, 43 women with a current diagnosis of PTSD and 18 healthy comparison subjects were recruited from the community. In Study 2, 53 women with trauma exposure and a range of PTSD symptoms were recruited from a correctional institution. Trials were separated into two phases: conflict (the option most likely to win points was most likely to show a trauma-related image) and congruent (the option most likely to win points was least likely to show a trauma-related image). In Study 1, reward obtainment varied with the task manipulation (ie, fewer points earned during conflict compared to congruent Phase) in PTSD but not healthy subjects. These results indicate that when avoidance is advantageous (congruent phase), individuals with PTSD show increased task performance, whereas when avoidance is maladaptive (conflict phase), individuals with PTSD show increased sacrifice of reward. In Study 2, higher PTSD symptoms predicted decreased reward earning during the conflict phase, again indicating a sacrifice of reward when avoidance is maladaptive. Across both studies, PTSD associated with increased AAC and sacrifice of reward in the presence of trauma-related stimuli. These studies shed light on AAC in PTSD and could inform more targeted therapy approaches.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
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